Penerokaan Aliran Tematik Penulisan Bahasa Sepanyol Sebagai Bahasa Asing Berdasarkan Bidang Pengajian (Exploration of Written Spanish Thematic Progression as a Foreign Language According to Disciplinary Study)
Abstract
Dalam pembelajaran bahasa asing, menulis merupakan salah satu alat yang penting kerana bertujuan memperoleh maklumat dan kemahiran yang baharu. Maka, seorang pelajar perlu mengetahui interaksi antara klausa berdasarkan informasi yang terkandung dalam Tema dan Rema di dalam teks. Didapati kajian penulisan karangan sebagai bahasa asing tertumpu kepada kajian linguistik, pembelajaran dan pengajaran dan eksperimental benar. Namun, kajian tematik dimensi linguistik hanya membicarakan aliran tematik di sekitar teks tanpa mengambil kira pembolehubah lain seperti bidang pengajian. Bahkan, kajian tematik yang menjurus kepada penulisan karangan bahasa asing selain bahasa Inggeris amat terhad. Maka, kajian ini berobjektif mengenal pasti, menghurai dan menjelaskan penguasaan aliran tematik dalam teks yang dihasilkan oleh pelajar tahap lanjutan bahasa Sepanyol dari angkubah bidang pengajian. Sebanyak 30 teks naratif dan 30 teks ekspositori yang melibatkan 207 unit perenggan dianalisis. Pergerakan aliran idea dalam setiap perenggan dianalisis berpandukan kerangka aliran tematik, Rema Regresi, Rema Ulangan, Tema Rencam, Box Development dan Pair to Single Development. Hasil kajian memaparkan, kesemua bidang pengajian memanfaatkan aliran Tema Rencam tanpa menyedari genre penulisan, pelajar Sains Sosial lebih kreatif mempelbagaikan jenis aliran Tema dalam kedua-dua genre penulisan, pelajar Sains dan Teknologi tidak memanfaatkan aliran Tema Kekal dalam teks naratif dan garapan idea teks ekspositori pelajar Sains Kemanusiaan cenderung kepada norma penulisan teks naratif. Ini menggambarkan pembolehubah bidang pengajian tidak berperanan dan tidak mempengaruhi pembinaan aliran tematik mereka. Walaupun berada di tahap lanjutan namun, masih belum menguasai aspek aliran tematik dengan sebaik-baiknya. Disyorkan, pendekatan pengajaran dan pembelajaran menggunakan Tema/Rema dalam kelas bahasa asing diintegrasikan ke dalam penulisan.
Kata kunci: Aliran tematik; bahasa Sepanyol; penulisan; tema dan rema; bidang pengajian
ABSTRACTIn learning a foreign language, writing is one of the most important tool in order to acquire new information and skills. Hence, a student needs to know the interaction between clauses based on information contained in Theme and Rheme in the text. The study of essay writing as a foreign language focused on linguistic, learning and teaching, and experimental. However, studies on thematic linguistic dimension have only discussed the thematic progression surrounding text without taking into account other variables such as disciplinary of study. In fact, thematic studies on writing as a foreign language other than English are scarced. Thus, this study aims to identify, describe and explain the mastery of thematic progression in texts produced by advanced students of Spanish based on disciplinary of study. A total of 30 narrative texts and 30 expository texts which involves 207 paragraphs are analysed. The movement of ideas in each paragraph is analysed based on the thematic progression scheme outline, Rheme Regression, Rheme Iteration, Mix Theme, Box Development and Pair to Single Development. The findings reveal that all disciplinary of studies deployed Mix Theme without noticing the genre of writing, Social Sciences students more creative on diversify of themes in both genres of writing, Science and Technology students do not deploy Constant Theme in narrative text and the idea of Human Sciences students text expository tends to writing a narrative text. This shows that the disciplinary of study do not play a role nor influence the construction of their thematic progression. They still have not mastered the aspect of thematic progression well although learned in the advanced stage. It is recommended that teaching and learning approach using Theme/Rheme in foreign language classes integrated into writing.
Keywords: Thematic progression; Spanish; writing, theme and rheme, disciplinary studies
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