Sikap Negatif Guru Sebagai Penghalang kepada Pembentukan Perpaduan Etnik di Sekolah (Teacher’s Negative Attitude as a Barrier to Forming the Ethnic Unity in Schools)

Yong Hie Hie, Ku Hasnita Ku Samsu

Abstract


Guru terutamanya di peringkat sekolah rendah mampu menjadi agen sosialisasi politik yang berpengaruh dalam memupuk kesedaran murid pada usia awal mereka tentang kepentingan perpaduan etnik, khasnya dalam konteks masyarakat kepelbagaian etnik di Malaysia. Walau bagaimanapun, terdapat guru yang mewujudkan provokasi perkauman serta melakukan pengasingan murid mengikut etnik, latar belakang ekonomi dan agama agar muridnya dapat mencapai keputusan yang baik dalam peperiksaan, dan sebahagiannya juga mengabaikan peranan mereka sebagai agen sosialisasi politik dan membentuk perpaduan etnik kepada murid. Artikel ini membincangkan faktor halangan yang menjejaskan proses pemupukan nilai perpaduan dalam kalangan murid. Perbincangan dalam artikel ini merupakan sebahagian daripada kajian PhD yang memfokuskan kepada peranan guru sebagai agen sosialisasi politik dalam membentuk perpaduan etnik di sekolah. Data kajian dikumpulkan melalui perbincangan kumpulan berfokus yang melibatkan 16 orang guru Melayu, Cina dan India daripada Sekolah Kebangsaan (SK), Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Cina (SJKC) dan Tamil (SJKT) di daerah Petaling, Selangor. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa terdapat tiga faktor yang berkaitan dengan sikap guru yang menjadi halangan kepada sekolah dalam proses pembentukan perpaduan etnik di sekolah. Pertama, sikap negatif guru; kedua, guru kurang keyakinan dalam membincangkan isu perpaduan; dan ketiga, guru tidak mementingkan bahasa Melayu. Ketiga-tiga faktor ini berupaya mewujudkan jurang etnik sesama guru dan antara guru dengan murid di sekolah. Justeru, pihak sekolah perlu memberi perhatian terhadap isu ini dan memberi kesedaran kepada semua warga sekolah tentang kepentingan perpaduan etnik di sekolah.

 

Kata kunci: Agen sosialisasi politik; perpaduan etnik; guru; sekolah rendah; sikap

 

Abstract

 

Teachers especially in primary school can be a political socialization agent in cultivating students’ awareness at their early ages of the importance of ethnic unity, especially in the context of ethnic diversity in Malaysia. However, there are some teachers who created racial provocations and segregations among students based on race, economic background and religion to achieve good results in the examinations, and partly ignore their role as a political socialization agent and form a racial unity among students. This article discusses the barrier factor that affects the process of fostering unity among pupils. The discussion in this article is a part of the PhD study focusing on the role of teachers as a political socialization agent in forming ethnic unity in schools. The data was collected through focus group discussions involving 16 Malay, Chinese and Indian teachers from National Schools (SK), Chinese National-type Schools (SJKC), and Tamil National-type Schools (SJKT) in Petaling district, Selangor. The outcomes signify that there are three factors that relate to the attitude of the teachers that are obstacles to schools in the process of forming ethnic unity in schools. First, teachers’ negative attitudes; second, teachers lack of confidence in discussing issues of unity; and thirdly, teachers are not concerned with the Malay language. These three factors are able to create ethnic gaps among teachers and between teachers and students in school. Hence, the school should pay attention to this issue and raise awareness to all school members about the importance of ethnic unity in school.

 

Keywords: Political socialization agent; ethnic unity; teacher; primary school; attitude



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