Kosmologi Dalam Welstanschauung Ulama Sufi Melayu (Cosmology in Malay Sufi Scholars Welstanschauung)
Abstract
This article discusses how the Malay Sufi Scholars express the cosmology sistem of the existence of Allah (The Useen). Their opinion is that the process of tajalli that is known as the process of manifestation of God is without starting and ending, from the unknown to a clearer form without limition. A conclusion from this thinking shows that the universe was formed together from eternity and pre eternity, active and passive, hadith and qadim. This discussion also clarify the harmonious relationship between macrocosmos (universe) and microcosmos (human). This shows that the implication of civilized dialog between Islam and other cultures which was brought along into the Malay world, could increase the sensitivity of the Malays regarding involvement of existence of Allah (The Useen) in the process of creating the universe.
ABSTRAK
Penulisan ini membincangkan tentang bagaimana para ulama sufi Melayu mengemukakan sistem kosmologi yang menghubungkaitkan kewujudan Allah yang Maha Ghaib. Mereka berpendapat bahawa proses tajalli alam merupakan proses penampakan diri Tuhan tanpa awal dan akhir, daripada yang tidak dikenali secara mutlak kepada bentuk yang lebih nyata tanpa batas jumlahnya. Kesimpulan dari rentetan pemikiran ini menunjukkan bahawa alam ini sekaligus berasal dari ada dan tiada, aktif dan pasif, hadith dan qadim. Perbincangan ini seterusnya menjelaskan hubungan makrokosmos (alam semesta) dengan mikrokosmos (alam manusia) secara harmoni. Hal ini memperlihatkan saduran kesan-kesan dialog Islam dengan budaya Islam luar dibawa bersama oleh agama Islam ke alam Melayu, dan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan sensitiviti umat Melayu terhadap penglibatan keberadaan Allah yang Maha Ghaib dalam proses penciptaan alam.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abd al-Qadir As-Sufi Ad-Darqawi, t.th. The Hundred Steps. Norwich: Diwan Press.
Abd. al-Rahman, Ahmad Usman. 1353-1283. Tuhfat al-ahwaz: syarh jamic al-Tirmizi. disyarah oleh Abi cAli Muhammad Abd al-Rahman b. Abd al-Rahim al-Mubarakfuri. Madinah: Muhammad Moshin Al- Kibbi.
Abdul Samad. Al-Falimbani. t.th. Sir al-Salikin. Jil. IV. Indonesia: Dar Ihya al-Kutub al-cArabiyah.
al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid Muhammad bin Muhammad bin Ahmad. t.th. al-Maqasid al-asna fi sharh macani asma’ Allah al-Husna. Tahqiq: Fadilah Shahadah. Bayrut: Daral-Masri.
al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid Muhammad bin Muhammad bin Ahmad. 1927 M./1346H. Macarij al-quds fi madarij macarifat al-nafs. Qaherah: Maktabat al-Sacadah.
Abu Hamid. 1994. Syekh Yusuf Makassar: Seorang Ulama, Sufi Dan Pejuang. cet. IJakarta: PN. Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
Abu Zayid Ahmad Zabal. t. th., Bad’ wa al-tarikh. Qaherah.
Ad-Darqawi, Shaykh Abd al-Qadir. t. th. The Hundreds Steps. Norwich: Diwan Press.
Affifi, A.E. 1939. The Mystical Philosophy of Muhyid-Din Ibnul-‘Arabi. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Azhari Noer Kautsar. 1995. Wahdat al-Wujud Ibn al-Arabi Dan Panteism. Jakarta: Disertasi Doktor Program Pasca-Sarjana IAIN Syarif Hidayatullah.
Azlan Khalili Shamsuddin. 1992. al-Ghazali dan konsep al-Nur. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Bayyuni, Ibrahim. t.th. Nash’at al-tasawwuf al-Islamiyyah. Qaherah: Dar al-Fikr.
Chittick, W.C. 1989. The Sufi Path of Knowledge: Ibn al-‘Arabi’s Metaphysics of Imagination. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Chittick, W.C. 1989. The Sufi of Knowledge: Ibn ‘Arabi’s Metaphysics of Imagination. Abbany: State University of New York.
Corbin, H. 1969. Creative Imagination in the Sufism of Ibn al-‘Arabi, terj. Ralph Manheim. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Elias, A.E. 1981. Modern Dictionary Arabic English. Bayrut: Dar al-Jali.
Hasan Shadily. 1990. Ensiklopedia Indonesia. Jilid II. Jakarta: Cipta Adi Pustaka.
Husaini, S.A.Q. 1993. The Pantheistic Monoism of Ibnu al-‘Arabi. Terje. Abdul Majid Hj Khatib. Prinsip Ketuhanan Ibnu al-‘Arabi. Kelantan: Pustaka Aman Press Sdn Bhd.
Ibn ‘Arabi, Muhyiddin. 1994. What The Seeker Needs (Essays on Spiritual: The One Alone: Majesty & Beauty. Translated by Bayrak & Harris. Kuala Lumpur: S. Abdul Majeed & Co.
Ibn Majah, Abi Muhammad Yazid Qazwini. t. th. Sunan Ibn Majah (275-207H). Jil. I. Qaherah: cIsa al-Babi.
Ibn cArabi, Muhammad bin cAli bin Muhammad bin cArabi. 1329/1911. al-Futuhat al- makkiyyah. Vol. I. (4 vol). Bayrut: Dar al-Fikr.
Ibn cArabi, Muhammad bin cAli bin Muhammad bin cArabi. 1400/1980. Fusus al-Hikam. Tahkik: Abu al-cAla’ Afifi. Bayrut: Dar al-Kitab.
Izutsu, T. 1984. Sufism And Taoism: A Comparative Study of Key Philosophical Concepts. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Jujun S. Sumantri. 1993. Filsafat Ilmu Sebuah Pengantar. Jakarta: Pustaka Sinar Harapan.
Media, M. Z. t. th. Arabic-English University Dictionary. New York: IPT. Mohd Nafis Idris al-Banjari 1200H. Permata Yang Indah (al-Durr al-Nafis). terj. Haderanie H. N. K. H. Surabaya: CV Amin.
Muhammad Bagir. 1994. Misykat cahaya-cahaya. Bandung: PN Mizan.
Munawwir, A.W. 1984. Kamus al-Munawwir Arab-Indonesia Yang Terlengkap. Indonesia: Pustaka Progressif.
Murata, Sachiko. 1996. The Tao of Islam: Kitab Rujukan Tentang Relasi Gender Dalam Kosmologi Dan Teologi Islam. terj. Ratna Megawangi Bandung PN Mizan.
Muslim, Abi al-Husayn bin Hajjaj al-Qushayri al-Naysabur, Sahih Muslim, Tahikik: Abd al-Baqi Mohmmad Fuad,. t.th. Jld. 1. Indonesia: Maktabah Dahlan.
Nasr, S.H. 1980. Living Sufism. London: Unwin.
Nasr, S.H. 1964. Three Muslim Sages. Cambridge Mass: Cambridge University Press.
Nicholson, R.A. 1967. Studies in Islamic Mysticism. Cambridge: Cambrige University Press.
Simuh. 1983. Mistik Islam Kejawan Raden Ngahbehi Ranggawarsita (Suatu Studi Terhadap Serat Wirid Hidayat Jati). Disertasi Doktor. Yogyakarta: Fakultas Usuluddin IAIN al- Jami’ah al-Islamiyah al-Hukumiyah Sunan Kalijaga.
Simuh. 1995. Sufisme: Transformasi Tasawuf Islam ke Mistik Jawa. cet. I. Yogyakarta: PN. Yayasan Bentang Budaya.
Sucab al-Hakim. 1981. al-Mucjam al-sufi: al-hikmah fi hudud al-kalimah. Bayrut: Dandarah.
Syed Muhammad Naguib al-Attas. 1990. On Quiddity And Essence: An Outline of The Basic Islam Metaphysics. Istac: Kuala Lumpur.
Syed Muhammad Naguib al-Attas. 1963. Some Aspects of Sufism As Understood Among The Malays.
Singapore: MSRI LTD.
Syed Muhammad Naguib al-Attas. 1970. The Mysticism of Hamzah Fansuri. Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaya Press.
Steingass, F. 1989. A Learner ‘Arabic English Dictionary. Bayrut: Librarie du Liban.
Titus, Haarod dkk. 1984. Persoalan-Persoalan Filsafat. Terj. Rasyidi. Jakarta: Bulan & Bintang.
Wan Mohd Shaghir Abdullah. 1992. Manhal al-Shafi: Shaykh Daud Al-Fathani (Membicarakan Rumus-rumus Shufi Dan Istilah-istilah Tasawuf). Kuala Lumpur.
Wehr, Hans. 1980. A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic: Arabic-English. Edited by J. Milton Cowan. London: Macdonaid & Evans Ltd & Bayrut: Libraire Du Liban.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
ISSN: 0126-5008
eISSN: 0126-8694