Pembangunan Sumber Manusia dan Prestasi Firma dalam Industri Skel Kecil dan Sederhana
Abstract
Available evidence shows that human resource development (HRD) is capable of raising the productivity and performance of an organization and subsequently raising the rate of both sectoral as well as national growth. The small and medium scale industries (SMIS) sector in Malaysia contributes relatively low production value or low value-added although the SM1.7 make up a large proportion of the manufacturing companies. One contributory factor for such a state of affairs is low labour productivity caused by the latterk low skills level. In order to raise the workers' skills level, their human capital must be raised through HRD. This article intends to examine the level of HRD in SMls, and to see whether HRD has any correlation with a firm performance. Data on the SMIs were obtained through a set of questionnaire administered on 138 firms in the Klang Valley in 1997/98. The findings of the study show a positive correlation between a firm's performance with its level of human resource development.
Keywords: human resource development, small and medium scale industries (SMIs), firm's pelformance, productivity
ABSTRAK
Banyak bukti menunjukkan pembangunan sumber manusia mampu meningkatkan produktiviti dan prestasi sesebuah organisasi dan selanjutnya meningkatkan kadar pertumbuhan sektor serta pertumbuhan nasional. Sektor industri pembuatan kecil atau sederhana (IKS) di Malaysia menyumbangkan nilai pengeluaran atau nilai ditambah yang rendah secara relatifnya tetapi IKS membentuk sebahagian besar daripada syarikat pembuatan. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan rendahnya nilai ditambah adalah produktiviti buruh yang rendah yang disebabkan kemahiran yang rendah. Bagi meningkatkan kemahiran buruh, tingkat pencapaian modal manusia mereka perlu ditingkatkan melalui pembangunan sumber manusia. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk melihat tahap pembangunan sumber manusia dalam IKS, dan sama ada pembangunan sumber manusia mempunyai hubungan dengan prestasi firma. Maklumat mengenai IKS diperolehi melalui satu set barang soal selidik yang dilaksanakan ke atas 138 firma di kawasan Lembah Klang pada 1997/98. Penemuan kajian ini menunjukkun terdapat hubungan positif antara prestasi firma dengan tahap pembangunan sumber manusia.
Kata kunci: pembangunan sumber manusia, industri kecil dan sederhana (IKS), prestasi firma, produktiviti
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