Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Amalan Tentang Kanser Serviks di Kalangan Bidan, Jururawat Desa dan Jururawat Masyarakat

Abstract

A cross sectional study was conducted on the knowledge, attitude and practice among midwives and community nurses on cervical cancer in the health service in the state of Kedah in 1997. A universal sampling method was used and a total of 281 of people responded to the study. Data was collected by using self-administered questionnaires. The results showed that a satisfactory dissemination of information on cervical cancer acquired from radio, TV, newspapers and staff nurses was associated with a high level of knowledge on cervical cancer. A clear Job description in cervical cancer prevention programmes was associated with good attitudes toward the programmes. There were 208 respondents (74.0%) who had Pap smear done. Among the reasons for not doing Pap smear among respondents were because they were not married (25.8%), embarrassed (25.8%), did not have any symptoms (19.4%) and worried about the possible Pap smear result (14.5%). Among married respondents, 79.0% of them had Pap smear done. There was a weak (r =0.250) but significant correlation between the score of knowledge and attitude towards cervical cancer preventive programmer (p<0.001). Duration of working with the Ministry of Health and satisfactory dissemination of information on cervical cancer acquired from staff nurses were the predicting factor for carrying out Pap smear.

Key words: Cervical cancer Pap smear knowledge

ABSTRAK

Satu kajian rentas mengenai pengetuhuan, sikap dan amalan terhadap kanser serviks telah dilakukan pada 1997 ke atas bidan, jururawat desa dan jururawat masyarakat yang berkhidmat di dalam perkhidmatan kesihatan negeri Kedah. Persampelan universal digunakan yang melibatkan seramai 281 responden. Data dikumpul dengan menggunakan borang soal-selidik isi sendiri. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa sumber maklumat mengenai kanser serviks yang memuaskan daripada radio, Tv, akhbar dan jururawat terlatih adalah berkaitan dengan tahap pengetahuan yang tinggi di kalangan responden manakala penerangan yang jelas tentang tugas dalam program berkaitan dengan sikap yang baik di kalangan responden terhadap program pencegahan kanser serviks. Seramai 208 responden (74.0 peratus) telah menjalani ujian Pap. Di kalangan mereka yang tidak menjalani ujian Pap, di antara sebab-sebabnya ialah belum berkahwin (25.8 peratus), malu (25.8 peratus), tidak ada tanda-tanda luar hiasa (19.4 peratus) dan takut untuk mengetahui keputusan ujian (14.5 peratus). Di kalangan responden yang berkahwin, 79.0 peratus telah menjalani ujian Pap. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa terdapat korelasi yang bererti tetapi lemah (r = 0.250, p < 0.001) di antara skor pengetahuan mengenai kanser serviks dengan skor sikap terhadap program pencegahan kanser serviks. Faktor peramal bagi menjalani ujian Pap di kalangan responden ialah tempoh berkhidmat dengan Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia dan maklumat yang memuaskan mengenai kanser serviks yang diperolehi daripada jururawat terlatih.

Kata kunci: Kanser serviks, ujian Pap, pengetahuan