Projek Ekonomi Wanita: Indikator dalam Pembangunan Lestari

MAIMUNAH ISMAIL (Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, mismail@educ.upm.edu.my), ARBAIYAH MOHD ISA (Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, arbaiyah@putra.upm.edu.my), NORHASHIAH M HASHIM (Universiti Pertanian Malaysia)

Abstract


A framework of sustainable village-based development used in this study is based on the continuous attempts made by community together with development agencies to provide employment and to eradicate poverty through income- generating projects of women. The study was conducted in villages of three districts in the state of Selangor, Malaysia. The main objective of the study is to identify possible indicators for the sustainable village-based development through women's income-generating projects. The study showed that six indicators could possibly be used for a sustainable village-based development through the projects. The indicators are 1) economic sustainability which refers to the ability of the projects to contribute a meaningful income to the project participtants and their families, 2) projects that are family-based rather than group-based; 3) the projects should render goods and services to the village community; 4) minimal involvement of women in institutional development in the village; 5) projects which have long involvement, and 6) projects which receive continuous extension services from development agencies. The study propose some recommendations for future action.

ABSTRAK

Kerangka pembangunan lestari di peringkat kampung yang digunakan dalam kajian ini berdasarkan usaha yang dijalankan oleh komuniti dan agensi pembangunan, khususnya bagi ekonomi wanita. Usaha ini bertujuan untuk menyediakan pekerjaan dan seterusnya meningkatkan pendapatan penduduk. Kajian ini dijalankan di beberapa kampung di tiga daerah di Negeri Selangor. Objektif utama kajian adalah untuk mengenal pasti jenis projek ekonomi yang dijalankan oleh wanita dan indikator untuk pembangunan lestari di peringkat kampung melalui projek tersebut. Kajian ini menghasilkan enam indikator, iaitu kelestarian ekonomi projek: 1) sejauh mana projek dapat memberi pendapatan kepada peserta dan keluarga: 2) projek berasaskan individu atau keluarga, 3) projek yang dapat memberi perkhidmatan kepada masyarakat kampung 4) projek yang pesertanya kurang melibatkan diri dalam pembangunan institusi di kampung 5) projek yang telah lama dijalankan di sesuatu kawasan dan 6) projek yang kerap menerima perkhidmatan daripada agensi pembangunan. Kajian juga mengutarakan beberapa cadangan tindakan masa hadapan.


Full Text:

PDF

References


Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 1994. Sustainable agriculture and rural development. Part 1:Latin America and Asia. Rome: FAO.

Joeke, S. 1992. Women, environment and population. Report on the proceedings of a workshop. Geneva: UNRISD.

Maimunah Ismail, Arbaiyah Mohd. Isa &Nor Hashiah Mohd. Hashim. 1995a. Sustainable Village-Based Development through Women's Programs. Kertas kerja dibentangkan di Seminar on Women in Agricultural Technology. Beijing. Januari, 17-20.

Maimunah Ismail, Arbaiyah Mobd. Isa & N o r Hashiah Mobd. Hashim. 1995b. The Dynamics of Women's Income-Generating Projects: Some Indicators for Sustainable Village-Based Development. Kertas kerja dibentangkan di 8th Biennial Conference of ARAHE, Jakarta, 16-18 Julai.

Malaysia. 1991. The Second Outline Perspective Plan 1991-2000. Kuala Lumpur: Cetakan Kerajaan.

New Straits Times. 1994. Women earn RM4.5 million yearly from food processing projects. Disember.

Rivera, E.M. 1991. Sustainable Agriculture: A Clarifying Concept for Agricultural and a Central Strategy for Extension. Dlm. William M. Rivera & Daniel J. Gustafson (pnyt.). Agricultural Extension: Worldwide International Evolution and Forces for Change. Elsevier: London.

Sarimah Misnan. 1995. Penglibatan Wanita dalam Perusahaan Mikro. Tesis M.S. Fakulti Ekologi Manusia, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, Serdang.

Ujo, Agbeje A. 1993.Women and sustainable village-based development: the case of rural women in Nigeria. Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Village-based Development, Colorado, Supt. 27-Okt I.,


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


ISSN: 0126-5008

eISSN: 0126-8694