Bab Buruh Dalam Perjanjian Perkongsian Trans-Pasifik (TPPA): Kesan kepada Perundangan Buruh Malaysia (Labour Chapter in The Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPPA): Implication on Malaysia Labour Law)
Abstract
The Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPPA) is a recent trade agreement after negotiated for decades. TPPA was very sensation due to the new world trade movement lead by the United States. TPPA also seen as the greatest trade agreement in the 21st century that will bring major changes to TPP Member States in various sectors, mostly on economic, trade and investment fronts. Issues arising from the TPPA are not only in the domain of trade, but also intervenes other important aspects such as labour standards, the environment and intellectual property rights. In turn, this will have implications for our current standards and legal framework of TPP member states. A significant problem, and the focus of this paper, is the the impact of the TPPA on existing Malaysian labour laws. Whether Malaysia could maintain the existing framework for labour or does this agreement will require for necessary amendments need to be done in realizing the effectiveness of the TPPA? This article discusses the implications of Chapter No. 19 of TPPA (Labour Chapter) onto Malaysian labour laws resulting from the signed TPPA with other 11 Member States. Methodology used in this article is theoretical analysis based on primary and secondary sources. The interim review found that several sets of labour laws in Malaysia must be amended and the Government of Malaysia should aware with facing of any possible constraints and challenges to comply with international labour standards
Keywords: Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPPA); International Labour Organization (ILO); International Labour Standards; Labour Laws; Malaysia.
Abstract
Perjanjian Perkongsian Trans-Pasifik (TPPA) merupakan satu perjanjian perdagangan baru yang dilihat sebagai perjanjian ulung hasil daripada rundingan lebih sedekad. Perjanjian ini juga perjanjian yang amat sensasi disebabkan perubahan dan pergerakan baru dunia perdagangan yang dipimpin oleh Amerika Syarikat. Perjanjian yang dilihat sebagai perjanjian perdangangan yang terulung dalam dunia perdagangan abad ke-21 ini bakal membawa perubahan besar kepada negara dalam pelbagai sektor khususnya perdagangan dan ekonomi. Perjanjian perdagangan ini bukan sahaja menyentuh isu perdagangan tetapi turut menyentuh banyak aspek lain seperti piawaian buruh, alam sekitar dan harta intelek. Persoalannya ialah bagaimana dengan kelangsungan undang-undang buruh di Malaysia dalam menepati Bab Buruh seperti yang diperuntukkan di bawah TPPA? Adakah Malaysia perlu mengekalkan sistem buruh sedia ada dengan sedikit pindaan ataupun perlu kepada transformasi besar bagi merealisasikan keberkesanan TPPA? Metodologi kajian yang digunakan adalah analisis teori berdasarkan data yang diterbitkan secara sumber primer dan sekunder. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implikasi perundangan buruh di Malaysia setelah Malaysia menandatangani TPPA yang turut disertai oleh 11 buah negara lain. Dapatan awal kajian menunjukkan bahawa beberapa undang-undang buruh di Malaysia perlu dipinda sebagai memenuhi obligasi pematuhan kepada piawaian buruh antarabangsa seperti yang ditetapkan di bawah TPPA.
Kata Kunci: Perjanjian Perkongsian Trans-Pasifik (TPPA); Pertubuhan Buruh Antarabangsa (ILO); Piawaian Buruh Antarabangsa; Undang-Undang Buruh; Malaysia.
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