Penilaian Komuniti Bau Ke atas Pengaruh Intensiti Pencemaran Bau Dari Ladang Ternakan Ayam (Odour Community Assessment on the Influence of Odour Pollution Intensity from the Poultry Farms)
Abstract
Permintaan terhadap sumber bekalan makanan di Malaysia bertambah selari dengan pertambahan penduduk khususnya permintaan terhadap bekalan makanan mentah harian seperti ayam dan daging. Peningkatan terhadap permintaan ini mengakibatkan peningkatan terhadap pembukaan ladang ternakan ayam bagi menampung kadar permintaan yang tinggi. Peningkatan pembukaan ladang ternakan ayam yang tinggi meningkatkkan lagi risiko kepada berlakunya pencemaran bau ke atas alam sekitar dan kesejahteraan penduduk setempat. Kajian ini adalah bertujuan mengenal pasti persepsi penduduk terhadap pencemaran bau ke atas kesejahteraan penduduk serta langkah dan cadangan bagi mencapai indek kesejahteraan kehidupan penduduk daripada pencemaran bau. Set soal selidik diedarkan di kawasan yang telah dikenalpasti sebagai kawasan yang berisiko menerima impak terus daripada pencemaran bau yang berlaku iaitu pada jarak 1 hingga 3 kilometer radius dari sumber bau. Kaedah persampelan berfokus dan berstruktur menggunakan kaedah Roasoft dengan memilih seramai 279 orang responden sebagai sampel kajian. Maklumat yang diperolehi dianalisis dan diproses dengan menggunakan Analisi Tabulasi Silang didalam perisian SPSS. Kajian mendapati persepsi bau pada jarak 1 kilometer adalah tiada bau manakala 2 kilometer adalah bau kuat dan 3 kilometer adalah bau yang sederhana. Kajian mendapati faktor jarak tidak mempengaruhi persepsi penduduk terhadap pencemaran bau tetapi faktor tempoh menetap yang mempengaruhinya. Langkah dan cadangan yang dapat dilaksanakan bagi kawasan kecil adalah dengan penglibatan pihak berkuasa tempatan dalam menyelesaikan masalah pencemaran bau yang berlaku sama ada dengan memindahkan ladang ataupun peralatan yang lebih mesra alam perlu digunakan oleh penternak selain itu, menubuhkan persatuan penjagaan alam sekitar di peringkat kawasan penduduk dan perbincangan dengan wakil dan pengurusan ladang ternakan ayam bagi mencapai kesepakatan bersama dalam menangani isu berkaitan pencemaran bau yang jelas memberi impak ke atas kesejahteraan kesihatan penduduk sekitarnya.
Kata kunci: Pencemaran bau; intensiti bau; ladang ternakan ayam; pengurusan alam sekitar; Pihak Berkuasa Tempatan
Abstract
Demand for food sources in Malaysia was increasing directly with the increasing population, especially demand for food supplies such as chicken and meat. The increase of this demand will increase the demand for poultry production of meat. The increased openness of poultry farms will increase the risk of environmental pollution to the local population of residence. This study aims to identify the perception of residence well-being on odour pollution. A set of questionnaires has been distributed in an area that is identified as a potential area with direct impact of odour pollution which is 1 km to 3 km radius from the point source. The Roasoft method was used as a structured and focused sampling and the total of 279 respondents were involved. Accumulated data is processed and analysed by Crosstabs analysis with the SPSS program. The findings of the study found that the odour pollution did not impact to area 1 km but at area 2 km was strongly smell and 3 km was moderate. The factor of distance does not affect the perception of the residents but the period of living influences the perception. The suggestion and ideas can be implement to reduce the impact of odour pollution in study area is the involvement of local authorities in solving the problem of odour pollution that occurs either by moving farms or more environmentally friendly equipment should be used by farmers for establishment of environmental management associations in the residential area and discussion with the management of the poultry farm to reach the ideal deal to reduce the issues of odour pollution that provides the health well-being of the surrounding residents.
Keyword: Odour Pollution; odour int-ensity: poultry farm; environmental management; local authority
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