The Impact on Non-Traditional Security Threats In Sri Lanka (Kesan Terhadap Ancaman Keselamatan Bukan Tradisional di Sri Lanka)
Abstract
The security threats exert a great challenge to national security of all states irrespective of the state’s position in the international system. In the field of security studies, with the transition of state-centric security to individual security approach, non-traditional security issues have become a novel concept of security studies. As a maritime nation Sri Lanka’s strategic location in the centre of the Indian Ocean makes it visible, perhaps vulnerable, to many external and internal threats. Hence, the government has to take immediate steps to mitigate these non-traditional security threats in order to ensure the national security and economic prosperity. This article is to examine the security environment and perspective of national security in Sri Lanka, identify the non-traditional security threats and analyse the impact on national security and identify mitigation methods to ensure national security. Methodology used were the primary and secondary data of a qualitative research method by using ethnographic study. Findings for this study is Sri Lanka must shape the security environment through an effective and realistic assessment of national interest. A great priority is to be given for the political stability while maintaining the continuous vigilance, to seek active cooperation and coordination effort within the region and beyond and engage in continuous process of confidence building within the nation and beyond. The findings of this study are the model-based approach is a better solution for Sri Lanka to overcome these security challenges, however, application of any model should be tailored to Sri Lanka’s own specifications.
Keywords: Non-traditional; security threat; national security; security environment; transnational crimes.
Abstract
Ancaman keselamatan memberi cabaran besar kepada keselamatan negara tanpa mengira kedudukan negara dalam sistem antarabangsa. Dalam bidang kajian keselamatan, dengan peralihan keamanan berpusat kepada pendekatan keselamatan individu, isu keselamatan bukan tradisional telah menjadi konsep baru kajian keselamatan. Lokasi strategik Sri Lanka di tengah Lautan Hindi menjadikannya kelihatan, mungkin rentan, terhadap banyak ancaman luaran dan dalaman. Oleh itu, kerajaan harus mengambil langkah segera untuk mengurangkan ancaman keselamatan bukan tradisional ini untuk memastikan keselamatan negara dan kemakmuran ekonomi. Artikel ini mengkaji persekitaran keselamatan dan perspektif keselamatan nasional di Sri Lanka, mengenal pasti ancaman keselamatan bukan tradisional dan menganalisis kesan terhadap keselamatan negara dan mengenal pasti kaedah mitigasi untuk memastikan keselamatan negara. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder dari kaedah penyelidikan kualitatif dengan menggunakan kajian etnografi. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa Sri Lanka mesti membentuk persekitaran keselamatan melalui penilaian kepentingan nasional yang berkesan dan realistik. Keutamaan yang besar harus diberikan untuk kestabilan politik sambil terus berwaspada, mencari kerja sama aktif dan upaya koordinasi di rantau ini dan seterusnya terlibat dalam proses pembangunan keyakinan yang berterusan di dalam negara dan seterusnya. Penemuan kajian ini adalah pendekatan berdasarkan model terhadap solusi yang lebih baik bagi Sri Lanka untuk mengatasi cabaran keselamatan, namun, penerapan model apa pun harus disesuaikan dengan spesifikasi Sri Lanka sendiri.
Kata kunci: Bukan tradisional; ancaman keselamatan; keselamatan negara; persekitaran keselamatan; jenayah transnasional.
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