Pendekatan Sejarah Lokal dan Kepentingannya dalam Pensejarahan Malaysia (Local History Approach and Its Significance in the Malaysia Historiography)

Siti Noor Hafizah Mohamed Sharif

Abstract


The historical transition from political aspect to social and economy aspect has brought development to various approaches in historical writings. One of them, is the local history approach. However, there are still doubts among the historians and underestimate the approach in history writings. This approach is considered as antiquarian, consists of loads unimportant facts, no chronology and abandoning the theory and method of history. In fact, historical studies using this approach is said to not have any importance to the national historiography. Hence, this research paper aims at denying all of those opinions and proves that local history approach is actually emphasizing on ideas and historical thinking. In short, local history approach is important in perfecting the national history narrative by focusing on the research on the aspects and locations that were previously considered insignificant to the national historiography. In fact, this approach can actually contribute to the new findings in national historiography. For example, the discovery of thestudy regarding the Malay migration to Kerian, Perak has proven the significant contribution of the Malay society in the economy during the British colonisation apart from denying the judgementof the British on the nature of the Malay of being lazy as a result of their backwardness in economy aspects during the colonisation. This study also successfully proves that the internal migration of the Malay plays a significant role in the development of Kerian as the main paddy cultivation district, not only in Perak but also in the Federated Malay States.

Keywords: local history; historiography; national history; social history; economy history

 

Abstrak

Peralihan minat sejarah dari aspek politik kepada aspek sosial dan ekonomi telah membawa perkembangan kepada pelbagai pendekatan dalam penulisan sejarah. Salah satu daripadanya adalah pendekatan sejarah lokal. Namun, masih terdapat dalam kalangan ahli sejarah yang masih ragu-ragu dan memandang rendah pendekatan ini dalam penulisan sejarah. Pendekatan ini dianggap bersifat antiquarian, terdiri daripada lambakan fakta-fakta yang tidak penting, tiada kronologi serta mengabaikan teori dan kaedah penulisan sejarah. Bahkan kajian sejarah yang menggunakan pendekatan ini dikatakan tidak mempunyai kepentingan kepada naratif sejarah kebangsaan sesebuah negara. Maka, artikel ini bertujuan menafikan pandangan tersebut dan membuktikan bahawa pendekatan sejarah lokal ini sebenarnya mementingkan idea dan pemikiran sejarah. Ringkasnya, pendekatan sejarah lokal amat penting dalam melengkapkan naratif sejarah negara dengan menumpukan kajian kepada aspek dan kawasan yang sebelum ini dianggap tidak penting kepada historiografi negara. Bahkan, pendekatan ini juga sebenarnya, mampu menyumbang kepada penemuan baharu dalam historiografinegara. Misalnya, penemuan kajian berkaitan penghijrahan orang Melayu ke Kerian, Perak telah membuktikan sumbangan penting masyarakat Melayu dalam ekonomi semasa pentadbiran British selain turut menafikan hujahan pentadbir British berkenaan sifat Melayu yang dikatakan malas sebagai natijah ketinggalan mereka dalam aspek ekonomi semasa penjajahan. Kajian ini juga berjaya membuktikan bahawa penghijrahan dalaman orang Melayu turut memainkan peranan yang signifikan dalam pembangunan Kerian sebagai sebuah daerah penanaman padi yang utama, bukan hanya di Perak tetapi juga di Negeri-Negeri Melayu Bersekutu.

Kata kunci: Sejarah lokal; pensejarahan; sejarah kebangsaan; sejarah sosial; sejarah ekonomi

 

 

 

 


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