Manfaat daripada Pelaksanaan Program Pembasmian Kemiskinan di Daerah Song, Sarawak
Abstract
(Benefits of Poverty Eradication Program Implementation in the District of Song, Sarawak)
Community involvement is one of the approaches that have gained public attention especially in bringing success to the community development programs. The concern to involve communities in the development arises from the discovery that community involvement is an essential element in the development process and is the key to community development projects. One of the involvement aspects that should be given attention is the involvement in sharing the benefits. If there is the absence of any form of benefits or virtues that can be enjoyed by the local community, as a result of their involvement in the programs, then their involvement would be meaningless. In this regard, this study aims to identify the involvement of the Iban community in sharing the benefits from programs under the People’s Welfare Development Scheme or Skim Pembangunan Kesejahteraan Rakyat (SPKR). A total of 260 Heads of Households (KIR) of the Iban community from the long houses have been interviewed using structured questionnaires. Findings of the study show that almost all KIRs in the long houses have received at least one benefit from the programs implemented under SPKR at their places. However, it is found that most of the KIRs who were involved in the sharing of activities and programs under SPKR indicated that they did not receive any facility in terms of crop’s seeds or livestock, fertilizers or livestock feeds, and marketing of their produce as well as advisory services provided under that scheme. A number of the KIRs stated that they did not receive social benefits from participating in activities such as excursion, knowledge-enhancing skill improvement and training, as well as courses and workshops conducted under SPKR.
Keywords: Involvement; community involvement; poverty; poverty eradication; Iban community
ABSTRAK
Penyertaan komuniti adalah antara pendekatan yang telah mendapat perhatian umum khususnya dalam menjayakan program berbentuk pembangunan komuniti. Keprihatinan untuk melibatkan komuniti dalam pembangunan timbul berikutan penemuan bahawa penyertaan komuniti merupakan elemen penting dalam proses pembangunan dan merupakan kunci kejayaan kepada projek-projek pembangunan komuniti. Salah satu aspek penyertaan yang harus diberi perhatian adalah penyertaan dalam berkongsi manfaat. Sekiranya tidak wujud sebarang bentuk manfaat atau faedah yang dinikmati oleh komuniti setempat hasil daripada penyertaan dalam projek yang diadakan, maka penyertaan mereka itu tidak bermakna. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti penerimaan manfaat oleh komuniti Iban dalam pelaksanaan program di bawah Skim Pembangunan Kesejahteraan Rakyat (SPKR). Seramai 260 orang Ketua Isi Rumah (KIR) komuniti Iban di rumah panjang telah ditemu selidik menggunakan borang soal selidik. Penemuan kajian menunjukkan hampir kesemua KIR di rumah panjang telah menerima sekurang-kurangnya satu manfaat daripada program di bawah SPKR yang dilaksanakan di tempat mereka. Walau bagaimanapun, didapati sebahagian besar daripada KIR yang telah terlibat dalam berkongsi manfaat aktiviti dan program di bawah SPKR memaklumkan bahawa mereka tidak menerima sebarang kemudahan dari segi benih tanaman atau ternakan, baja atau makanan ternakan, perkhidmatan pemasaran serta khidmat nasihat yang disediakan di bawah skim tersebut. Ramai juga bilangan KIR yang menyatakan mereka tidak menerima faedah sosial seperti menyertai aktiviti lawatan, meningkatkan pengetahuan, meningkatkan kemahiran serta menyertai latihan, kursus dan bengkel yang dilaksanakan di bawah SPKR.
Kata kunci: Penyertaan; penyertaan komuniti; kemiskinan; pembasmian kemiskinan; komuniti Iban
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