Impak Kitaran Sosial dalam Sumbangan Alumni Terhadap Pendapatan Endowmen Universiti (The Social Cycle Impact of Alumni Contributions Toward University Endowment Income)
Abstract
The National Higher Education Strategic Plan (PSPTN) is designed for empowering national higher education. This plan aims to provide autonomous power to universities in order to manage their operations. To achieve this, universities need to have the capability to gain targeted financial resources for bearing their management and development operation costs. One of the key financial strategies under the PSPTN is to increase university endowment income through alumni contributions. However, alumni willingness to make contributes has been proved to fluctuate and be dependent on several factors. In this study, five factors of alumni contribution were analyzed namely: financial management, self-identity, external influences, university management and community-university networks. These factors were then analysed to produce indicators known as social cycle variables. These variables were purposely formulated to measure the changing impact of the factors highlighted above on alumni’s financial contributions,, before applying regression test methodology to the same. The results reveal that social cycle variables significantly influence university endowment income at a level of between 3 to 4 per cent. This study thus reveals how important it is for universities to commit to further research on alumni contribution channels, especially to negate potential future financial deficits.
Keywords: Willingness; contribution; alumni; interaction; regression.
ABSTRAK
Pelan Strategik Pengajian Tinggi Negara (PSPTN) dirangka bagi memperkasa pendidikan tinggi negara. Antara perancangan pelan ini adalah memberikan kuasa autonomi kepada pihak universiti untuk menguruskan operasi universiti. Keadaan ini bergantung kepada kemampuan pihak universiti untuk mencapai peruntukan sasaran kementerian bagi menanggung kos operasi mengurus dan membangun universiti. Antara strategi kewangan yang difokuskan dalam pelan ini ialah meningkatkan pendapatan endowmen universiti melalui sumbangan alumni. Walau bagaimanapun, kesanggupan alumni memberikan sumbangan boleh berubah-ubah dan bergantung kepada beberapa faktor. Dalam kajian ini, lima faktor sumbangan alumni telah dianalisis iaitu pengurusan kewangan, personaliti diri, eksternal, pengurusan universiti dan jalinan universiti-komuniti. Faktor-faktor ini turut diinteraksi untuk menghasilkan indikator yang dikenali pemboleh ubah kitaran sosial. Pemboleh ubah kitaran bertujuan mengukur impak perubahan faktor-faktor terhadap nilai sumbangan. Ujian regresi diaplikasi untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang dikaji terhadap sumbangan alumni ini. Dapatan analisis menunjukkan bahawa pemboleh ubah kitaran sosial mempengaruhi secara signifikan terhadap pendapatan endowmen universiti antara 3 hingga 4 peratus. Implikasi kajian ini membuktikan saluran sumbangan alumni signifikan untuk diteroka oleh pihak universiti bagi menampung sebahagian defisit peruntukan yang dialami.
Kata kunci: Kesanggupan; sumbangan; alumni; interaksi; regresi
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