Liu Shao's Renwu Zhi is a classic work on the study of human talent in ancient China. Written during the tumultuous period of the end of the Eastern Han dynasty, Liu Shao recognized that the political problems of the time were rooted in issues related to human talent. Consequently, one of the primary purposes of his writing Renwu Zhi was to assist feudal dynasties in selecting and training talented individuals to address the political crisis. This paper explores Liu Shao's definition and characteristics of Caixing (talent and nature) in Renwu Zhi, which he accomplishes through the methods of Jiuzheng (nine criteria) and Baguan (eight observations), resulting in a systematic and elaborative classification of talented individuals. Moreover, the paper delves into the deeper meaning of Yingxiong (heroes). Through analysis of Liu Shao’s ideas, this paper concludes that his definitions and training methods for talented individuals have practical significance and provide valuable insights for modern talent selection and training.Keywords: Liu Shao, Renwu Zhi, temperament, talentReferencesChen, X. (2020). The historical significance of Liu Shao’s Renwuzhi in the Wei-Jin South-North Dynasties. International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, 10(4), 170-174. http://doi: 10.18178/ijssh.2020.v10.4.1325Chen, X. (2018). The concept of talent nature in the Book of Han and its influence on traditional Chinese culture. Frontiers of Philosophy in China, 13(2), 266-283. https://doi.org/10.3868/s030-007-018-0015-6Fang, L. (2019). A Study on Liu Shao’s theory of talent and its historical significance. Journal of Xiangtan University, 40(1), 117-123. http://doi:10.3969/j.issn.1008-6553.2019.01.018Huang, Z. (2021). A Review of Liu Shao’s theory of talent in Renwu Zhi. Journal of Anhui University of Science and Technology, 28(1), 140-145. http://doi:10.19696/j.cnki.1009-5383.2021.01.021Liu, S. (1955). Ren Wu Zhi [Records of Illustrious Persons]. Wenxue Guji Kanhao She.Liu, C. (2021). Liu Shao’s philosophy of talent and its historical significance. Journal of Jiangsu Normal University, 53(1), 52-60. https://doi.org/10.16788/j.cnki.jsnufe.2021.01.006Liu, Y. (2019). The view of heroism in Liu Shao's Renwuzhi. Journal of Shandong University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 5, 112-118. https://doi.org/10.6047/j.issn.1001-5558.2019.05.014Li, Z. (1999). Zhongguo Gudai Sixiangshi Lun [Essays on the History of Ancient Chinese Thought]. Anhui Wenyi Chubanshe.Tang, Y. (2001). Wei Jin Xuan Xue Lun Gao [Essays on the Wei-Jin Metaphysics]. Shanghai Guji ChubansheTang, Y. (1983). Du Ren Wu Zhi In Tang Yongtong Academic Papers Collection. Zhonghua ShujuWang, H. (2016). Liu Shao’s talent theory and its historical significance. Academic Forum, 5, 30-36.Wu, Y. (2021). The concept of talent nature (caixing) in Liu Shao’s Renwuzhi (Record of Humaneness): An examination of its philosophical significance. Frontiers of Philosophy in China, 16(3), 503-522. https://doi.org/10.3868/s030-010-021-0023-8
