Komponen-komponen Strategik dalam Program Rehabilitasi yang Berkesan untuk Sindrom COVID Berpanjangan: Satu Soroton Literatur Bersistematik

Abstract

Kepulihan daripada komplikasi kesihatan oleh sebab sindrom COVID berpanjangan adalah satu pergelutan. Pesakit memperolehi manfaat daripada rehabilitasi sebagai sebahagian daripada perjalanan kepulihan mereka. Satu sorotan literatur bersistematik telah dilaksanakan berdasarkan garis panduan Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) untuk meneroka reka bentuk program-program rehabilitasi. Daripada 356 artikel yang dikenal pasti, dikecualikan rekod duplikasi dan disaring, 63 artikel memenuhi kriteria kelayakan untuk diterima. Artikel-artikel yang telah diterima ini telah dianalisis dengan pendekatan Grounded Theory klasik. Ketepuan teoritikal tercapai dengan 28 artikel yang diterima ini. Dapatan penting sorotan bersistematik ini adalah komponen-komponen strategik dalam program rehabilitasi yang berkesan untuk sindrom COVID berpanjangan iaitu: (1) penaksiran dan pemantauan, (2) strategi utama dan (2) strategi sokongan. Kombinasi komponen-komponen ini direka bentuk dalam program rehabilitasi untuk memastikan keberkesanan program. Keberkesanan program dicapai apabila hasil-hasil rehabilitasi diperolehi: (1) mengurangkan gejala, (2) membawa kepada penambahbaikan dan (3) mengoptimakan sistem penjagaan pesakit-pesakit ini. Dalam kesimpulan, ia membekalkan tema-tema yang luas untuk diisi, disesuaikan dan diindividukan sesuatu program rehabilitasi semasa program dan pengisiannya direka bentuk untuk pesakit yang sedang mengharungi sindrom COVID berpanjangan.Kata kunci: rehabilitasi; kondisi-pasca-COVID-19; sindrom COVID berpanjangan; strategi; kepulihan Abstract: Recovering from health complications due to post-COVID-19 condition is a struggle. Patients with the condition could benefit from rehabilitation as part of their recovery journey. A systematic literature review (SLR) was implemented according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to explore the design of these programmes. Of the 356 articles that were identified, deduplicated and screened, 63 articles fitted the eligibility criteria. These eligible articles were analysed using the Classic Grounded Theory approach. Theoretical saturation was achieved with 28 eligible articles. The key finding of this systematic review is the strategic components of effective rehabilitation programmes for long COVID. They are: (1) assessment and monitoring, (2) primary strategies, and (3) supportive strategies. A combination of these strategic components is designed into rehabilitation programmes to ensure the effectiveness of these programmes. Effectiveness is accomplished when the following rehabilitation outcomes are achieved: (1) reduce symptoms, and (2) bring improvement to patients and (3) optimize care systems for patients. In summary, it provides broad themes to be filled in, customized, and even individualized when designing a programme, and its contents for patients who are suffering for the condition.Keywords: rehabilitation, post-COVID-19 condition, long covid, strategy, recoveryReferencesAntonelli, M., Pujol, J. C., Spector, T. D., Ourselin, S., & Steves, C. J. (2022). Risk of long COVID associated with delta versus omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2. Lancet (London, England), 399(10343), 2263–2264. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00941-2Benavides-Cordoba, V., Barros-Poblete, M., Vieira, R. P., Mazzucco, G., Fregonezi, G., & Torres-Castro, R. (2022). Provision of pulmonary rehabilitation in Latin America 18 months after the COVID-19 pandemic: A survey of the Latin American Thoracic Association. 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