Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Ciri-Ciri Keusahawanan dalam Kalangan Pelajar Agribisnes untuk menceburi Bidang Usahawan Tani (Factors Influencing Entrepreneurial Traits Among Agribusiness Students in Venturing into Agripreneurship)

Abstract

Keusahawanan tani merupakan salah satu strategi utama dalam meningkatkan daya saing sektor pertanian dan memastikan kelestarian sumber makanan negara. Namun, penurunan kadar penyertaan generasi muda dalam sektor ini menjadi cabaran utama kepada pembangunan agribisnes. Oleh itu, kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti faktor yang mempengaruhi kecenderungan pelajar agribisnes dalam menceburi bidang keusahawanan tani. Teori Tingkah Laku Terancang digunakan sebagai asas konseptual untuk meneliti tiga faktor utama yang mempengaruhi kecenderungan pelajar iaitu keluarga, rakan, dan sikap terhadap ciri-ciri keusahawanan seperti motivasi, keberanian mengambil risiko, serta kreativiti dan inovasi. Kajian kuantitatif ini melibatkan 92 pelajar Tahun 2, Tahun 3 dan Tahun 4 dalam program Bacelor Sains Perniagaantani di Fakulti Pertanian, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa faktor keluarga, rakan, dan sikap memberi kesan yang signifikan terhadap kecenderungan keusahawanan dalam kalangan pelajar agribisnes. Ciri-ciri keusahawanan seperti motivasi, keberanian mengambil risiko, serta kreatif dan inovatif dalam kalangan pelajar agribisnes juga berada pada tahap tinggi. Kajian ini juga mendapati hubungan signifikan antara faktor-faktor tersebut dengan ciri-ciri keusahawanan dalam kalangan pelajar agribisnes. Implikasi kajian mencadangkan pendekatan bersepadu bagi meningkatkan sokongan dan pendedahan pelajar agribisnes dalam keusahawan tani. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini membuktikan bahawa sokongan keluarga, pengaruh rakan, dan sikap pelajar memainkan peranan penting dalam membentuk ciri-ciri keusahawanan pelajar agribisnes. Dalam jangka panjang, hasil kajian ini dapat menyumbang kepada pembangunan modal insan yang berdaya saing dalam sektor pertanian, sekali gus menggalakkan pertumbuhan usahawan tani yang inovatif dan mampan. Kata kunci: Keusahawanan tani; pelajar agribisnes; faktor kecenderungan; ciri-ciri keusahawanan; Teori Tingkah Laku TerancangAbstract: Agricultural entrepreneurship is one of the key strategies to enhance the competitiveness of the agricultural sector and ensure the sustainability of the nation’s food resources. However, the declining participation of the younger generation in this sector poses a major challenge to agribusiness development. Therefore, this study aims to identify the factors influencing agribusiness students' inclination to engage in agricultural entrepreneurship. The Theory of Planned Behavior serves as the conceptual foundation for examining three main factors influencing students' tendencies: family, peers, and attitude toward entrepreneurial traits such as motivation, risk-taking, creativity, and innovation. This quantitative study involves 92 students from Year 2, Year 3, and Year 4 of the Bachelor of Science in Agribusiness program at the Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). The findings indicate that family, peers, and attitude have a significant impact on students' entrepreneurial inclination. Entrepreneurial traits such as motivation, risk-taking, creativity, and innovation among agribusiness students are also found to be at a high level. The study further identifies a significant relationship between these factors and entrepreneurial traits among agribusiness students. The study's implications suggest an integrated approach to enhancing support and exposure for agribusiness students in agricultural entrepreneurship. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that family support, peer influence, and student attitudes play a crucial role in shaping the entrepreneurial traits of agribusiness students. 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