Adakah era dominasi ekonomi barat semakin berakhir? Kemunculan G7, G20, dan BRICS mencerminkan transformasi orde dunia dan peralihan terhadap kuasa multipolar dalam pentadbiran global dan pembangunan ekonomi. Justeru kajian ini menganalisis impak peranan G7, G20, dan BRICS terhadap pentadbiran global dan dasar ekonomi di negara-negara membangun dengan fokus terhadap Indonesia dan Brazil. G7 merupakan pelopor kepada organisasi seperti Bank Dunia dan Tabung Kewangan Antarabangsa (IMF), yang kini dianggap kurang relevan akibat sifatnya yang ekslusif. Sebaliknya, G20 mengintegrasikan ekonomi yang sedang pesat membangun, secara serentak menyediakan platform yang lebih luas untuk pembuatan keputusan di tahap global. Sementara itu, BRICS berusaha untuk mencabar dominasi Barat, namun pengaruh China di dalam blok ini berpotensi untuk menggagalkan objektifnya. Melalui penilaian kualitatif terhadap dokumen dasar, pangkalan data institusi kewangan global, artikel surat khabar dan sumber akademik, kajian ini justeru menaksir bagaimana negara-negara membangun ini menongkah pengaruh ekonomi kumpulan-kumpulan tersebut, sambil mengimbangi potensi dan keterbatasan mereka. Hasil dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa G7 kekal dominan namun mula goyah setelah G20 menawarkan inklusiviti walaupun masih terkesan oleh pengaruh barat. Manakala BRICS, walaupun menghadapi cabaran dalaman tetap membawa potensi jangka panjang dalam membina orde ekonomi dunia yang lebih multipolar sekiranya ia berjaya mengukuhkan solidariti dalaman dan memperkukuh institusi kewangannya secara adil.

Kata kunci: G7; G20; BRICS; negara membangun; multipolar

Abstract: Is the age of Western economic dominance coming to an end? The emergence of G7, G20, and BRICS reflects world order transformation and the shift toward multipolar power in terms of global governance and economic development. G7 is the forerunner of organizations such as the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF), which is deemed less relevant today due to its exclusivity. Conversely, G20 incorporates emerging economies, providing a larger platform for global decision-making. Meanwhile, BRICS strives to challenge the Western dominance, but China’s influx in the bloc could derail the objective. This paper examines the implications of these blocs on developing countries with an emphasis on Indonesia and Brazil as case studies. Through qualitative evaluation of policy documents, global financial institutions' databases, news articles and academic sources, it assesses how these developing countries navigate the economic influence by these groups, while balancing their potentials and limitations. The findings of the study indicate that the G7 remains dominant but is beginning to waver as the G20 offers inclusivity, though still influenced by the West. Meanwhile, BRICS, despite internal challenges, holds long-term potential in building a more multipolar global economic order if it succeeds in strengthening internal solidarity and enhancing its financial institutions fairly.

Keywords: G7; G20; BRICS; developing countries; multipolar

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