Analisis Keberkesanan dan Kepuasan Terhadap Program Pembangunan Kapasiti Wanita di Malaysia (2022-2023) (An Analysis of the Effectiveness and Participant Satisfaction with Women's Capacity Development Programs in Malaysia (2022-2023)

Abstract

Pelbagai inisiatif pembangunan kapasiti wanita telah dilaksanakan di Malaysia sebagai strategi untuk memperkasa kedudukan ekonomi wanita, khususnya dalam menjana pendapatan secara mampan. Kajian ini dijalankan bagi menilai hubungan antara tahap keberkesanan program pembangunan kapasiti wanita yang dianjurkan oleh Jabatan Pembangunan Wanita (JPW) dengan tahap kepuasan peserta program. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui reka bentuk survei, melibatkan 261 orang wanita yang telah menyertai program pembangunan kapasiti anjuran JPW. Teknik persampelan bertujuan digunakan bagi mendapatkan sampel yang relevan, manakala instrumen kajian terdiri daripada soal selidik berskala Likert lima mata. Analisis deskriptif telah dilaksanakan bagi menilai tahap keberkesanan program dan tahap kepuasan peserta, yang diklasifikasikan kepada tiga aras utama, iaitu rendah, sederhana dan tinggi. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa tahap keberkesanan program berada pada aras tinggi, seiring dengan tahap kepuasan peserta yang turut berada pada aras yang sama. Hubungan positif yang wujud antara keberkesanan program dan kepuasan peserta memberikan petunjuk bahawa kualiti pelaksanaan program memainkan peranan yang signifikan dalam membentuk persepsi serta tahap kepuasan peserta terhadap program yang dijalankan. Kajian ini mencadangkan agar program pembangunan kapasiti wanita diteruskan dengan penambahbaikan berterusan yang mengambil kira keperluan semasa serta ciri-ciri khusus kumpulan sasar.

Abstract: Malaysia has implemented various women's capacity development initiatives as a strategy to empower women economically, particularly in achieving sustainable income generation. This study was conducted to assess the relationship between the effectiveness of women's capacity development programs organised by the Department of Women's Development (JPW) and participants' satisfaction. A quantitative approach was adopted using a survey design, involving 261 women who had participated in capacity development programmes organised by JPW. Purposive sampling was employed to obtain relevant respondents, while the research instrument comprised a five-point Likert scale questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was conducted to evaluate the levels of programme effectiveness and participant satisfaction, which were categorised into three levels: low, moderate, and high. The findings revealed that the effectiveness of the programme was at a high level, which corresponded with the high level of satisfaction among participants. The positive relationship between programme effectiveness and participant satisfaction indicates that the quality of programme implementation plays a significant role in shaping participants’ perceptions and satisfaction with the programme. This study recommends that women’s capacity development programmes be continued with ongoing improvements that take into account current needs and the specific characteristics of the target group.

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