Peranan Pekerja Sosial sebagai Pekerja Pembangunan Komuniti di Program Perumahan Rakyat: Kajian Penerokaan (The Role of Social Workers as Community Development Workers in the People’s Housing Program: An Exploratory Study)

Aliffy Khairul Fizam Abdul Adzis, Mohd Suhaimi Mohamad, Surendran Rajaratnam

Abstract


Kegagalan penghuni membayar sewa telah dikenal pasti sebagai salah satu masalah sosial yang wujud bagi Program Perumahan Rakyat (PPR) dan terkandung dalam Dasar Komuniti Negara. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneroka tahap literasi kewangan penghuni PPR, kaedah pembuatan keputusan kewangan mereka dan cabaran pembayaran tunggakan sewa yang dihadapi serta peranan pekerja sosial yang dilantik oleh Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat (JKM) sebagai Pekerja Pembangunan Komuniti (PPK) di PPR. Kerangka teoritikal Person-in-Environment (PIE) telah dijadikan sebagai panduan untuk memahami bagaimana faktor individu dan persekitaran saling berinteraksi dalam mempengaruhi peranan pekerja sosial di PPR. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kajian kualitatif dengan reka bentuk kajian kes. Kajian ini telah dilaksanakan di PPR sekitar Kuala Lumpur yang mempunyai perhidmatan PPK menggunakan teknik persampelan bertujuan berdasarkan kriteria penerimaan dan penolakan. Seramai empat orang pekerja sosial telah berjaya ditemu bual dan dikenal pasti melalui unit komuniti, Bahagian Kebajikan Produktif dan Komuniti, JKM, Kuala Lumpur. Data kajian telah dianalisis secara tematik menggunakan perisian NVivo 15. Hasil kajian mendedahkan empat tema utama peranan pekerja sosial iaitu pemudahcaraan urusan sosial, hubungan agensi dengan komuniti, perancangan berasaskan komuniti serta kompetensi dan penempatan PPK. Pekerja sosial membantu penghuni menyelesaikan masalah sosial dan ekonomi, menghubungkan mereka dengan agensi bantuan kewangan dan merancang program komuniti yang sesuai khususnya untuk warga emas dan kanak-kanak. Kesimpulannya, pekerja sosial memainkan peranan penting dalam pengurusan PPR yang lebih berkesan. Oleh itu, penambahbaikan seperti perjawatan tetap, kemudahan pejabat yang kondusif dan latihan profesional berstruktur amat diperlukan agar program seperti pendidikan kewangan komuniti dapat meningkatkan literasi kewangan golongan berpendapatan rendah di bandar.

Abstract: The failure of tenants to pay rent has been identified as a critical social issue within the People’s Housing Programme (PPR), as acknowledged in the National Community Policy. This study aimed to explore the financial literacy levels of residents of the People's Housing Programme (PPR), their financial decision-making methods, the challenges they faced in paying rent and the role of social workers appointed by the Department of Social Welfare (JKM) as community development officers in the PPR context. The Person-in-Environment (PIE) theoretical framework guided this study in understanding how individual and environmental factors interact to shape the role of social workers in low-income urban settings. Employing a qualitative case study design, the research was conducted in selected PPR locations across Kuala Lumpur with active PPK services, using purposive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Four social workers were successfully interviewed, identified through the Community Unit of the Productive Welfare and Community Division, JKM Kuala Lumpur. The data were thematically analysed using NVivo 15 software. The findings revealed four central themes concerning the role of social workers: facilitation of social affairs, agency–community linkages, community-based planning, and the competencies and placement of PPK officers. Social workers supported residents by addressing social and economic challenges, connecting them with agencies offering financial aid, and designing appropriate community programs particularly for the elderly and children. In conclusion, social workers played a vital role in enhancing effective community management in PPR. Therefore, improvements such as permanent appointments, conducive office facilities, and structured professional training were deemed essential to ensure that initiatives like community financial education could successfully increase the financial literacy of low-income urban residents.

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Keywords


Literasi kewangan; pembuatan keputusan kewangan; sewa perumahan PPR; pekerja sosial

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/ebangi.2025.2203.41

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