Tekanan Kerja dan Kualiti Hidup dalam Kalangan Petugas Kesihatan (Work Stress and Quality of Life among Healthcare Workers)

Abstract

Petugas kesihatan yang terdiri daripada doktor, jururawat dan pembantu kesihatan seringkali berdepan dengan keadaan kerja yang tidak menentu. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk melihat hubungan antara tahap kekerapan dan kekuatan tekanan kerja terhadap kualiti kehidupan dalam kalangan anggota kesihatan. Kajian ini telah dilakukan di Pusat Perubatan Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. Untuk memenuhi keperluan kajian, kaedah kajian rentas dilakukan terhadap 163 anggota kesihatan yang bertugas di hospital tersebut. Instrumen kajian terdiri daripada tiga bahagian; Bahagian A berkaitan demografi peserta, Bahagian B pula Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) dan, Bahagian C iaitu Skala Kualiti Hidup (WHOQOL-100@BREF). Kaedah analisis statistik SPSS Versi 25 digunakan untuk menganalisis data yang diperoleh. Data analisis dimulakan dengan ujian normaliti, analisis korelasi dan Ujian t, Ujian Levene. Hasil kajian mendapati 163 anggota kesihatan telah melengkapkan soal selidik dengan keputusan menunjukkan 64 responden (39.3%) adalah Jururawat, Pembantu Kesihatan Perubatan 42 (25.8%), Penolong Pegawai Perubatan 20 (12.3%), Pegawai Perubatan 19 (11.7%) dan yang lain adalah 18 (11%). Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa tekanan kerja mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan kualiti hidup anggota kesihatan (p<0.01). Kajian ini menunjukkan tekanan kerja memberi kesan yang signifikan terhadap kualiti kehidupan anggota kesihatan di PPUIAM. Oleh itu, pihak pengurusan perlu mengambil langkah strategik untuk mengurus dan mengurangkan tekanan kerja bagi meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan produktiviti staf. Program sokongan psikososial serta intervensi pengurusan stres harus diperkasakan. Polisi dan pendekatan pengurusan perlu disesuaikan agar memenuhi keperluan staf untuk memupuk kesejahteraan kerja secara menyeluruh. Kesedaran mengenai hubungan tekanan kerja dan kualiti hidup harus ditingkatkan dengan mempromosikan gaya hidup sihat dan aktiviti sokongan mental.Abstract: Healthcare workers consisting of doctors, nurses, and health assistants often face uncertain working conditions that leads to work stress. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between the frequency and intensity of work-related stress and the quality of life among healthcare members. This study was conducted at the International Islamic University Medical Centre in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. To fulfil the research requirements, a cross-sectional study was conducted involving 163 healthcare members working at the hospital. The research instruments consisted of three parts: Part A on the demographics information, Part B; the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and Part C on the Quality-of-Life Scale (WHOQOL-100@BREF). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Version 25. Data analysis began with normality tests, correlation analysis, t-tests, and Levene’s Test. The results showed that all 163 healthcare members completed the questionnaire, of which 64 respondents (39.3%) were nurses, 42 (25.8%) medical health assistants, 20 (12.3%) medical assistant officers, 19 (11.7%) medical officers, and 18 (11%) others. The findings indicated that work-related stress has a significant relationship with the quality of life of healthcare members (p < 0.01). This study indicated that work-related stress has a significant effect on the quality of life of healthcare members at IIUM Medical Centre. Therefore, the management needs to take strategic measures to manage and reduce work-related stress to improve staff well-being and productivity. Psychosocial support programs and stress management interventions should be strengthened. Policies and management approaches should be adapted to meet staff needs to foster comprehensive workplace well-being. 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