Belia dan program kesukarelawan di Malaysia: Satu kajian empirikal

Abstract

Penghayatan belia terhadap program sukarelawan perlu diberikan perhatian kerana aktiviti sukarelawan yang dilaksanakan tanpa penghayatan pastinya tidak memberikan faedah kepada pesertanya. Objektif kajian ini adalah menentukan tahap penghayatan belia berdasarkan enam konstruk penghayatan iaitu tahap kefahaman, perasaan, kepercayaan, amalan, sikap dan motivasi. Kajian dilakukan seluruh negeri di Semenanjung Malaysia yang melibatkan 500 sampel dalam kalangan belia berumur antara 15 hingga 30 dan berbilang kaum. Analisis cross-tabulation dilakukan ke atas data daripada borang kaji selidik yang diambil dalam kalangan responden secara convenience (mudah). Hasil kajian menunjukkan tahap penghayatan belia terhadap semangat kesukarelawanan adalah memuaskan kecuali konstruk tahap perasaan dan motivasi. Bagi konstruk perasaan misalnya, kajian menunjukkan semangat kesukarelawanan yang masih rapuh kerana golongan belia tidak sanggup atau seronok melakukan aktiviti sukarelawan di kawasan berpenyakit, kotor dan kekurangan kemudahan awam. Situasi sebegini sememang akan wujud apabila negara berdepan dengan kejadian bencana dan ini menggambarkan tahap penghayatan golongan belia terhadap semangat sukarelawan masih kurang memuaskan. Oleh itu, kajian ini mencadangkan agar program motivasi berkaitan penghayatan belia terhadap semangat sukarelawan sedia ada perlu diteruskan.

Katakunci: belia, emosi, penghayatan, motivasi, program kesukarelawan, semangat kesukarelawan

Youth appreciation of volunteerism needs to be given attention if only because voluntary activities carried out without genuine appreciation of the volunteerism spirit does not really benefit the participants. This study evaluated the level of Malaysian youth appreciation of the spirit of volunteerism with respect to six appreciation constructs, namely, understanding, emotion, belief, practices, attitudes and motivation. The study was conducted throughout the states in Peninsular Malaysia involving 500 randomly sampled youth aged between 15 and 30 and comprising all ethnic groups. Results of the statistical analysis showed that the level of Malaysian youth appreciation of the spirit of volunteerism was satisfactory except for the two parameters of emotion and motivation. In the case of emotion the study indicated the youth relative reluctance when volunteer programmes were located in areas suffering from diseases, unhygienic conditions and lacking in public amenities as in disaster areas . Yet, it was in such a situation that the keen spirit of volunteerism was most needed. This thus points to the imperative of improving the motivational side of youth volunteerism programmes in the country.

Keywords: appreciation constructs, emotion, motivation, spirit of volunteerism, voluntary programme, youth