Pemetaan Bahan Bakar Bagi Pengurusan Kebakaran Hutan di Semenanjung Malaysia (Fuel Mapping for Forest Fire Management in Peninsula Malaysia)

Abstract

Pemetaan bahan bakar merupakan elemen terpenting di dalam penentuan potensi serta risiko kebakaran hutan, selain dapat membantu di dalam simulasi pergerakan serta intensiti api dalam sesebuah kebakaran. Pemetaan bahan bakar ini memerlukan proses yang sangat kompleks bermula dengan cerapan di lapangan, pemprosesan imej satelit, pembangunan pengkalan data sehingga paparan di dalam internet melalui medium WebGIS bagi keseluruhan Semenanjung Malaysia. Pemprosesan imej satelit SPOT-5 menghasilkan lapan kelas bahan bakar dan kemudian digabungkan dengan peta jenis tanah bagi membentuk enam belas jenis kelas bahan bakar. Hasil pengkelasan bahan bakar ini dapat dijadikan panduan serta amaran awal untuk pengurusan kebakaran hutan selain mengekang kawasan yang dikenalpasti sebagai titik panas dan berpotensi tercetusnya kejadian kebakaran hutan.

Kata Kunci : Peta bahan bakar, kebakaran hutan, tanah gambut, tanah mineral, Semenanjung Malaysia

Mapping of fuel is the most important element in determining the potential and risks of forest fires, as well as to assist in the simulation of movement and intensity of fire. Mapping these fuels require a very complex process beginning with field observations, satellite image processing, database development and exposure in the internet through the medium WebGIS for the whole of Peninsular Malaysia. Processing of SPOT-5 satellite images to produce eight fuel class and then combined with soil type map to create sixteen types of fuel class. The results of the classification of these fuels can be used as a guide as well as an early warning for the agencies involved in disaster management in addition to rein in areas identified as hotspots and potential outbreak of forest fires.

Keywords : Fuel Map, forest fire, peat soil, mineral soil, Peninsular Malaysia