Pencemaran habuk di Malaysia: Mengesan taburan konsentrasi PM10 di pusat bandar, sub bandar dan pinggir bandar di Ipoh, Perak (Dust pollution in Malaysia: An investigation of the distribution of PM10 in the city centre, sub-cities and suburbs of Ipoh, Perak)

Abstract

Sumber utama masalah pencemaran habuk (PM10) di Ipoh adalah berpunca dari industri simen dan kuari. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menilai taburan konsentrasi PM10 (habuk) di Bandaraya Ipoh dengan memperoleh data primer melalui kaedah persampelan di lapangan di Ipoh. Kaedah persampelan di lapangan dilakukan dengan menggunakan Portable Laser Aerosol Spectrometer dan Dust Monitor Model 1.108 untuk menunjukkan taburan konsentrasi PM10 dalam kawasan pusat bandar, sub bandar dan pinggir bandar di Ipoh. Penemuan terhadap data yang diperolehi daripada persampelan di lapangan menunjukkan bahawa taburan konsentrasi PM10 adalah tertinggi di Simpang Pulai (pinggir Bandar) dengan bacaan 189.9 ug/m3 pada waktu pagi dan 171.1 mg/m3 pada waktu malam, diikuti dengan Chemor (pinggir bandar) dengan bacaan 86.1ug/m3 pada waktu pagi dan 90.5 ug/m3 pada waktu malam. Konsentrasi PM10 adalah lebih rendah di pusat bandar Ipoh, dengan bacaan 72.3 ug/m3 di Tasek pada waktu pagi dan 67.3 ug/m3 pada waktu malam. Bacaan konsentrasi tertinggi pada waktu tengahari adalah dicatatkan di Chemor, iaitu 90.5 ug/ m3. Secara keseluruhannya, didapati kesan perubahan atmosfera yang diakibatkan oleh pencemaran PM10 di Ipoh yang mana akhirnya boleh menyebabkan akibat yang buruk terhadap kesihatan.

Katakunci: habuk, Ipoh, kualiti udara bandar, pencemaran udara, pm10, taburan

This study was conducted to evaluate the distribution of PM10 (dust) concentration in Ipoh and investigate the distribution of PM10 pollution. The data was obtained primer data from field sampling. The field sampling was done using Portable Laser Aerosol Spectrometer and Dust Monitor Model 1108 to show the distribution of PM10 concentrations in the city centre, sub-cities and suburb areas of Ipoh. The finding of the field sampling analysis showed that the distribution of PM10 concentration was the highest at Simpang Pulai (downtown) with 189.9 ug/m3 during the morning time and 171.1 mg/m3 during the night, followed by Chemor (suburbs) with 86.1ug/m3 during morning and 90.5 ug/m3 during the night. The PM10 concentration was lower in the City Centre of Ipoh, they were 72.3 ug/m3 in Tasek during the morning time and 67.3 ug/m3 during the night. The highest concentration level at midday was listed in Chemor, which was 90.5 ug/ m3. Overall, it was found that the impact of atmospheric changes was affected by the PM10 pollution in Ipoh, which could ultimately cause adversely effect on health.

Keywords: air pollution, distribution, dust, Ipoh, pm10, urban air quality