Pengajaran bahasa Melayu baku dalam kalangan komuniti perbatasan: Satu kajian pengaruh dialek Patani di Selatan Thailand (The teaching of standard Malay in cross-border communities: An inquiry into the influence of the Patani dialect in Southern Thailand)

Abstract

Sistem pendidikan di Selatan Thailand mempunyai sistem yang berbeza daripada sistem pendidikan di kawasan lain di Thailand. Kajian ini cuba melihat pengaruh dialek Melayu Patani dalam pengajaran bahasa Melayu baku di Selatan Thailand. Aspek-aspek linguistik dialek Melayu Patani yang mempengaruhi guru-guru bahasa Melayu di Selatan Thailand telah dianalisis. Kajian ini memberi tumpuan kepada pengaruh dari segi perubahan penyebutan kata, iaitu melihat perubahan dalam aspek fonetik yang berpunca daripada pengaruh dialek tempatan. Bagi mencapai matlamat kajian ini, kaedah penyelidikan kepustakaan dan lapangan telah digunakan. Data yang dikumpul telah dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan analisis kualitatif. Hasil kajian mendapati guru-guru yang mengajar Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Melayu telah banyak dipengaruhi oleh dialek Melayu Patani, terutama pengaruh dari segi penyebutan kata. Dialek Melayu Patani jelas mempengaruhi pertuturan guru-guru bahasa Melayu, dan pengaruh ini telah menjejaskan keberkesanan pengajaran dan pembelajaran bahasa Melayu baku di Selatan Thailand.

Katakunci: bahasa Melayu baku, dialek Melayu Patani, faktor linguistik, penghilangan fonem, penyebutan kata,perubahan fonem

The educational system in southern Selatan Thailand is different from that in other parts of the kingdom. This study examined the influence of Patani Malay dialect in the teaching of standard Malay in Southern Thailand classrooms. It identified those aspects of linguistics in Patani Malay dialect that affected Malay language teachers in the teaching of standard Malay. The focus was on the effect of words pronouncing, that is, on the aspects of phonetic changes. To achieve this objective the study utilised literature review and field research. Data were analyzed qualitatively. It was found that teachers who taught standard Malay were much influenced by the Patani Malay dialect, especially in terms of the articulation of words. This study proved that local dialect had a negative influence on the teaching of standard Malay in cross-border communities of Southern Thailand.

Keywords: linguistic factors, Patani Malay dialect, phoneme changes, phoneme disappearance, standard Malay, words articulation