Hubungan antara harga diri, niat menambah hutang dan gelagat perbelanjaan hutang dalam kalangan individu berpendapatan rendah (The relationship between self-esteem, intention to increase debt and debt spending behaviour of low-income people)

Dicky Wiwittan Toto Ngadiman, Hainnur Aqma Rahim, Salmy Edawaty Yacoob, Hairunnizam Wahid

Abstract


Masalah yang dihadapi oleh kebanyakan orang yang berpendapatan rendah adalah mereka percaya bahawa berhutang adalah perkara yang tidak dapat dielakkan. Perkara ini jelas apabila ramai orang beralih kepada hutang apabila mereka dibebani dengan masalah kewangan. Terdapat banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi seseorang untuk terus berada dalam hutang. Artikel ini membincangkan faktor yang mempengaruhi niat seseorang untuk menambah hutang dan gelagat perbelanjaan hutang dalam kalangan orang berpendapatan rendah yang terlibat dalam sektor perladangan di Sabah, Malaysia. Perbincangan turut tertumpu kepada hubungan antara harga diri, niat untuk menambah hutang dan gelagat perbelanjaan tahsiniyyat. Kajian yang dijalankan ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan pensampelan bertujuan. Seramai 378 individu dalam kalangan berpendapatan rendah di Felda Lahad Datu, Sabah terlibat dalam kajian ini. Teknik analisis lanjutan PLS-SEM digunakan untuk statistik inferensi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara harga diri dengan niat untuk menambah hutang dan gelagat perbelanjaan tahsiniyyat dengan pinjaman. Oleh yang demikian, adalah penting untuk memberi kesedaran dan mendidik mereka mengenai bajet dan menyimpan. Membelanjakan lebih banyak wang pada keperluan bukan asas menyebabkan seseorang akan terjerumus dalam hutang. Implikasi kajian ini dapat meramal gelagat berhutang kumpulan berpendapatan rendah, di samping memberi kesedaran kepada banyak pihak tentang perlunya merangka plan pembangunan modal insan untuk kumpulan ini. Hal ini dapat memantapkan harga diri mereka selari dengan keperluan kerohanian agar individu tidak menilai diri mereka berdasarkan kepada aspek luaran dan pemilikan kebendaan. 

Kata kunci: gelagat perbelanjaan hutang, harga diri, hutang, kumpulan berpendapatan rendah, niat menambah hutang, tahsiniyyat

The problem faced by most low-income people is that they believe that debt is an inevitable thing. This is clear when many people turn to debt when they have financial problems. This article discusses the factors that influence one's intention to increase debt and debt spending behavior among low-income people in the agricultural sector in Sabah, Malaysia. The discussion also focuses on the relationship between self-esteem, the intention to increase debt and the tahsiniyyat expenditure. The study using a quantitative approach and purposive sampling. A total of 378 low-income people in Felda Lahad Datu, Sabah area involved in this study. The PLS-SEM analysis techniques are used for inferential statistics. The study outcome establishes that there is a significant relationship between self-esteem towards the purchase behaviour of tahsiniyyat goods with loan, and the intention to increase debt. As such, it is important to raise awareness and educate them on budgeting and saving. Spending more money on non-basic needs will lead someone in debt. The implication of this study is to predict the debt behaviour and giving the awareness to many parties on the need to formulate human capital development plans for this group. This would strengthen their self-esteem in line with the spiritual needs, so that people do not judge themselves based on external aspects and material possession. 

Keywords: debt spending behaviour, self-esteem, debt, low-income group, intention to increase debt, tahsiniyyat




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