Keberkesanan Geographic Information System (GIS) dalam mencungkil minat pelajar terhadap mata pelajaran Geografi di sekolah menengah (The effectiveness of Geographic Information System (GIS) in fostering student interest in Geography subject in secondary school)

Ganesan Mayalagu, Mokhtar Jaafar, Lam Kuok Choy, Mohd Izwan Mahmud

Abstract


Kemajuan teknologi dalam Pembelajaran dan Pemudahcaraan (PdPc) abad ke-21 amat dititikberatkan oleh Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM) selaras dengan Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia 2013-2025. Senario kini, mata pelajaran Geografi di Malaysia semakin terpinggir khususnya bagi peringkat Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM) dan minat pelajar terhadap mata pelajaran ini turut semakin berkurang. Justeru, penggunaan Geographic Information System (GIS) dalam PdPc Geografi dilihat sebagai satu wadah baharu dalam meningkatkan minat pelajar terhadap mata pelajaran Geografi di sekolah. Dalam kajian ini reka bentuk penyelidikan eksperimen tulen digunakan yang melibatkan Kumpulan Eksperimen (KE); dengan intervensi teknologi geospatial dan Kumpulan Kawalan (KK); dengan kaedah konvensional dalam PdPc digunakan. Kajian ini turut menguji keberkesanan penggunaan GIS berasaskan modul GIS-KBR dalam meningkatkan minat para pelajar terhadap mata pelajaran Geografi. Hasil analisis ANCOVA satu hala pada aras signifikan .05 menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan signifikan skor ujian pasca bagi pemboleh ubah minat. Hasil dapatan turut menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan bagi ujian pasca antara kumpulan KE dan KK. Tuntasnya, hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa pelaksanaan aktiviti GIS berasaskan modul GIS-KBR ini meningkatkan minat dalam kalangan pelajar Geografi berdasarkan pembuktian tahap minat kumpulan eksperimen yang lebih tinggi berbanding dengan kumpulan kawalan.

Kata kunci: geografi, GIS, modul GIS-KBR, minat pelajar, PdPc abab ke 21, teknologi geospatial

The 21st century technology advancement in Learning and Facilitation (L&F) is taken seriously by the Ministry of Education Malaysia (MOE) that is aligned with Malaysia’s Education Development Plan 2013-2025. Currently, the Geography subject in Malaysia are getting marginalized especially for the Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM) level and the students’ interest in these subjects is also dwindling. Ergo, the use of Geographic Information System (GIS) in Geography L&F is regarded as a new platform in boosting student interest in Geography subject in schools. For this particular study, true experimental research designs were implemented which involved Experimental Group (EG) with geospatial technology intervention and Control Group (CG); with conventional methods in L&F. This study also investigates the effectiveness of using GIS that is based on GIS modules in establishing students’ interest in Geography subject. The result of one-way ANCOVA analysis, which is at significant level of .05, reflects that there is a momentous difference in the post test score for interest variables. Also, there was a significant difference in the post intervention between the EG and CG groups. Consequentially, the results show that GIS activity that is based on GIS-STS modules implementation increases interest among the Geography students especially when referred to the proven higher level of experimental group interest rate in comparison to the control group.

Keywords: geography, GIS, module GIS-STS, student interest, 21st century L&F, geospatial technology


Full Text:

PDF

References


Ahmad, J., & Meerah, S. (2002). Pemupukan budaya penyelidikan di kalangan guru di sekolah: Satu penilaian. Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

Ali, A.B., & Saud, M.D.M.S.B. (2013). Fasa awal: Pembentukkan kerangka pembinaan modul bahasa c berteraskan model integrasi pembelajaran berasaskan masalah dan pendidikan berteraskan kompetensi. Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia.

Ang Kean Hua (2015). Sistem Informasi Geografi (GIS): Pengenalan kepada perspektif komputer. Geografia-Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 11(1), 24–31.

Cheung, C.M., Chiu, P.Y., & Lee, M.K. (2011). Online social networks: Why do students use Facebook? Computers in Human Behavior, 27(4), 1337–1343.a

Cheung, Y., Pang, M., Lin, H., & Lee, C.K.J. (2011). Enable spatial thinking using GIS and satellite remote sensing–A teacher-friendly approach. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 21, 130–138.

Chen L.H., Chen I.H., Chiu P.H., & Huang H.H. (2018). A content analysis of mobile learning on Constructivism Theory. In J.S. Pan, P.W. Tsai, J. Watada, & L. Jain, (eds). Advances in Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing. IIH-MSP 2017. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, 81. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63856-0_8

Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power for the Behavioural Sciences. Hilsdale, NY: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Cohen, J. (2013). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Routledge.

Dal, B. 2010. An investigation into the representation of geological maps by 15–16 year-old Turkish students. Research in Science & Technological Education, 28(2), 115–130. https://doi.org/10.1080/02635141003750354.

Demirci, A., Karaburun, A., Ünlü, M., & Özey, R. (2011). Using GIS-based projects in learning: Students help disabled pedestrians in their school district. European Journal of Geography, 2(2), 48-61.

Favier, T.T., & van der Schee, J.A. (2014). The effects of geography lessons with geospatial technologies on the development of high school students' relational thinking. Computers & Education, 76, 225–236.

Fleming, B. (2015, August). GIS interventions that work at secondary level education (High School) in South Africa – some recent success stories. Paper presented at the Geomatics Indaba 2015, Ekurhuleni, South Africa. Retrieved from https://www.ee.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Bridget-Fleming.pdf

Fraenkel, J.R., Wallen, N.E., & Hyun, H.H. (2011). How to design and evaluate research in education. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Habibah Lateh, H. & Muniandy, V. 2011a. GIS dalam pendidikan Geografi di Malaysia : Cabaran dan potensi. Geografia-Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 1(1): 42–52.

Ishak, A., Din, R., & Mohamed, H. (2018). Usability of ReSt module using four-step approach based on case study example and infographic for SPSS novice users. International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 8(4-2), 1513–1519.

Jalil, A., & Ishak, H. (1997). Kajian Kebarangkalian Kausal terhadap kecenderungan pelajar memilih Geografi sebagai mata pelajaran elektif Tingkatan 4 dalam KBSM: Satu tinjauan awal. Penerbit Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjong Malim, pp. 1-20.

Jaafar, M. (2012). Persepsi pelajar geografi terhadap GIS. Geografia-Malaysia Journal of Society and Space, 8(9), 97–109.

Jaafar, M. (2017). Keberkesanan GIS sebagai alat bantu mengajar konsep asas geografi kepada pelajar bukan-geografi. Geografia-Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 8(3), 82–92.

Jekel, T., Koller, A., & Strobl, J. (2012). Austria: Links between research institutions and secondary schools for geoinformation research and practice. In A.J. Milson, A. Demirci, & J. Kerski, (Eds.). International perspectives on teaching and learning with GIS in secondary schools (pp. 27-36). Dordrecht: Springer.

Kerski, J.J. (2000). The implementation and effectiveness of Geographic Information Systems Technology and Methods in Secondary Education (Doctoral thesis). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global database. (UMI No. 9969381)

Kerski, J.J. (2003). The implementation and effectiveness of geographic information systems technology and methods in secondary education. Journal of Geography, 102(3), 128–137.

Kerski, J.J., Demirci, A., & Milson, A.J. (2013). The global landscape of GIS in secondary education. Journal of Geography, 112(6), 232–247.

Laporan Tahunan 1996-2017 Unit Kurikulum Jabatan Pendidikan Negeri Sembilan.

Laporan Tahunan 2008-2017 (Keputusan Geografi PMR, SPM dan STPM), Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia.

Lateh, H., & Muniandy, V. (2011). GIS dalam pendidikan geografi di Malaysia: Cabaran dan potensi. Geografia-Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 7(1), 42–52a.

Lateh, H., & Muniandy, V. (2010). ICT implementation among Malaysian schools: GIS, obstacles and opportunities. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 2846–2850.

Lateh, H., & Muniandy, V. (2011). Technology integrated teaching in Malaysian schools: GIS, a SWOT analysis. World Journal on Educational Technology, 3(2), 64–74b.

Mayalagu, G., Jaafar, M., & Lam, K.C. (2018). Validity of Module Geographic Information System-Spatial Thinking Skills (GIS-STS). International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(4.34), 427–430.

Mohd Aris Othman. (2007). Keberkesanan kaedah pengajaran berbantukan komputer di kalangan pelajar pencapaian akademik rendah bagi mata pelajaran Geografi Tingkatan 4 di Negeri Sembilan (PhD Thesis). Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.

Molin, L., & Grubbström, A. (2013). Are teachers and students ready for the new middle school geography syllabus in Sweden? Traditions in geography teaching, current teacher practices, and student achievement. Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift-Norwegian Journal of Geography, 67(3), 142–147.

Mora, L., Nevid, J., & Chaplin, W. (2008). Psychologist treatment recommendations for Internet-based therapeutic interventions. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(6), 3052–3062.

Pallant, J. (2013). SPSS survival manual. United Kingdom: McGraw-Hill Education.

Panoutsopoulos, H., Donert, K., Papoutsis, P., & Kotsanis, I. (2015, October). Education on the Cloud: Researching student-centered, cloud-based learning prospects in the context of a European network. Paper presented at the International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS) International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in the Digital Age (CELDA), Greater Dublin, Ireland. Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f504/41c50d89a826eefb2d751de66872841611a6.pdf?_ga=2.193644651.750767606.1574501708-251367417.1568020085

Richey, R.C., Klein, J.D., & Nelson, W.A. (2004). Developmental research: Studies of instructional design and development. In D.H. Jonassen (Ed.), Handbook of Research on Educational Communications and Technology (pp. 1099-1130), New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Salaberry, M.R. (2001). The use of technology for second language learning and teaching: A retrospective. The modern language journal, 85(1), 39–56.

Schultz, R.B., Kerski, J.J., & Patterson, T.C. (2008). The use of virtual globes as a spatial teaching tool with suggestions for metadata standards. Journal of Geography, 107(1), 27–34.

Şeremet, M., & Chalkley, B. (2015). Student perspectives on the teaching of geographical information systems (GIS) in geography degrees. Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 39(1), 18–36.

Singh, S.S.B., & Singh, B. (2013). Integrating geography information system in teaching geography in Malaysian secondary smart schools. Education journal, 2(4), 149–154.

Spector, J.M., Merrill, M.D., Elen, J., & Bishop, M.J. (Eds.). (2014). Handbook of research on educational communications and technology (pp. 413–424). New York, NY: Springer.

Tabor, L.K., & Harrington, J.A. (2014). Lessons learned from professional development workshops on using GIS to teach geography and history in the K-12 classroom. The Geography Teacher, 11(2), 47–54.

Toriskie, J.M. (1999). The effects of internet usage on student achievement and student attitudes (pp. 1-248). Loyola University Chicago.

Tüzün, H., Yılmaz-Soylu, M., Karakuş, T., İnal, Y., & Kızılkaya, G. (2009). The effects of computer games on primary school students’ achievement and motivation in geography learning. Computers & Education, 52(1), 68–77.


Refbacks