Ketersampaian penduduk terhadap perkhidmatan pengangkutan awam di Bandaraya Kota Kinabalu, Sabah (Residents’ accessibility to public transportation services in Kota Kinabalu City, Sabah)

Saravanan Sundara Sakaran, Harifah Mohd Noor, Rosmiza M. Z.

Abstract


Ketersampaian adalah kemudahan untuk menuju ke sesuatu destinasi yang menggunakan pelbagai mod pengangkutan. Salah satunya adalah pengangkutan awam. Namun mod ini seringkali dikaitkan dengan ketidak berkesanannya seperti laluan perkhidmatan yang tidak menyeluruh terhadap beberapa laluan. Kajian ini untuk mengenal pasti faktor yang mempengaruhi ketersampaian perkhidmatan pengangkutan awam (bas awam) di Bandaraya Kota Kinabalu. Kaedah kajian menggunakan data primer menerusi pemerhatian langsung terhadap perkhidmatan bas awam di beberapa laluan utama ke pusat Bandaraya. Beberapa sesi temu bual diadakan bersama agensi kerajaan dan pengusaha bas serta satu set borang kaji selidik diedarkan kepada 274 responden menerusi kaedah pensampelan bertujuan. Kajian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif seperti frekuensi, peratusan dan nilai skor min dengan menggunakan alat analisis Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versi 20. Hasil kajian menunjukkan terdapat beberapa jalan utama yang menghala ke pusat bandar, tidak menerima perkhidmatan bas awam. Tiga faktor yang menyumbang kepada perkhidmatan laluan bas iaitu faktor pengusaha bas, faktor permintaan penduduk dan faktor Pihak Berkuasa Tempatan. Menerusi skor min purata menunjukkan faktor pengusaha bas adalah faktor tertinggi terhadap perkhidmatan laluan yang tidak menyeluruh (min purata =3.01) diikuti oleh faktor penduduk (min purata = 2.90) dan faktor Pihak Berkuasa Tempatan (min purata=2.83). Penemuan ini dapat membantu Pihak Berkuasa Tempatan serta beberapa agensi berkaitan untuk merangka dan merancang polisi perkhidmatan bas awam yang lebih menyeluruh kepada penduduk khususnya di Bandaraya Kota Kinabalu.

Kata kunci: ketersampaian, pengangkutan awam, penduduk, pengusaha bas, laluan, Kota Kinabalu

Accessibility is the convenience of getting to a destination that uses multiple modes of transportation. Such as public transportation. However, this mode is often associated with inefficiencies such as incomplete service routes. This study identifies factors that influence the accessibility of public transportation (public buses) services in Kota Kinabalu city. The study used primary data through direct observation of public buses services on several major routes to the city center. Several interview sessions were held with government agencies and bus operators and a set of survey forms were distributed to 274 respondents through the purposive sampling method. This study uses descriptive analysis such as frequency, percentage and mean values using the Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. The results show that there are several main roads to the city center, where there is no public buses service. The three factors contributing to the buses route services are the bus operators, the demand from resident’s factors and the Local Authority factors. The average mean score indicates that the bus operator factor is the highest factor for overall route services (average mean = 3.01) followed by resident’s factor (average mean = 2.90) and Local Authority factor (average mean = 2.83). These findings help the Local Authorities and some relevant agencies to design and planning a more comprehensive public buses service policy for residents in Kota Kinabalu city.

Keywords: accessibility, public transportation, residents, bus operator, routes, Kota Kinabalu


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