Penilaian iklim keselamatan persekitaran kerja terhadap komuniti kakitangan kerajaan di Putrajaya (Work environment safety climate evaluation of government staff community at Putrajaya)

Abstract

Iklim keselamatan merujuk kepada persepsi yang dikongsi pekerja berkaitan keselamatan persekitaran kerja yang mempengaruhi prestasi keselamatan organisasi. Kajian dijalankan untuk menilai iklim keselamatan di Kementerian Pertanian dan Industri Asas Tani (MOA) Putrajaya melalui persepsi pengendalian aspek keselamatan oleh pihak pengurusan dan pekerja berdasarkan kepada 7 dimensi iklim keselamatan. Dimensi iklim keselamatan ialah (i) keutamaan, komitmen dan kecekapan keselamatan pihak pengurusan, (ii) pemerkasaan aspek keselamatan pihak pengurusan, (iii) keadilan keselamatan pihak pengurusan, (iv) komitmen keselamatan pekerja, (v) keutamaan keselamatan dan risiko tidak diterima pekerja, (vi) komunikasi, pembelajaran dan kepercayaan kompetensi rakan sekerja (vii) kepercayaan pekerja terhadap keberkesanan sistem keselamatan. Pendekatan kuantitatif digunakan dengan mengedarkan soal-selidik sebanyak 205 responden di MOA. Soal selidik kajian menggunakan Nordic Occupational Safety Climate Questionnaire (NOSACQ-50) iaitu satu alat diagnostik menilai status iklim keselamatan organisasi. Data dianalasis secara deskriftif melalui min dan peratusan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan secara keseluruhan iklim keselamatan di MOA adalah pada tahap yang agak rendah. Penilaian ke atas tiga dimensi pengendalian aspek keselamatan oleh pihak pengurusan mendapati iklim keselamatan yang agak tinggi bagi dimensi keadilan keselamatan, agak rendah bagi dimensi keutamaan, komitmen dan kecekapan keselamatan serta rendah bagi dimensi pemerkasaan keselamatan. Selanjutnya, penilaian terhadap empat dimensi pengendalian aspek keselamatan oleh pekerja mendapati iklim keselamatan adalah tinggi bagi dimensi kepercayaan terhadap sistem pengurusan keselamatan, agak tinggi bagi dimensi komitmen keselamatan serta dimensi komunikasi, pembelajaran dan kepercayaan terhadap kompetensi rakan sekerja serta agak rendah bagi dimensi keutamaan keselamatan dan risiko tidak diterima. Kajian ini mencadangkan agar pihak pengurusan atasan mampu memperbaiki iklim keselamatan di MOA.

Kata kunci: dimensi, iklim keselamatan, kakitangan awam, keberkesanan, persepsi, persekitaran kerja.

Safety climate is a term which refers to perceptions that workers share about safety of their work environment, in which it may affect the safety performance of any organization. This study was conducted to analyze the safety climate at the Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-Based Industry (MOA) in Putrajaya through perceptions on the handling of safety aspects by management and employees based on the seven dimensions of the safety climate. The safety climate dimensions are (i) management's priorities, commitments and management safety efficiency, (ii) enhancement of safety aspects of management, (iii) management safety justice, (iv) employee safety commitment, (v) safety precautions and risks are not accepted by employees, (vi) communication, learning and trust in colleague's competencies and (vii) employee beliefs on the effectiveness of the safety system. The method used was using a quantitative approach with the distribution of questionnaires of 205 respondents at the MOA. This survey was conducted using the Nordic Occupational Safety Climate Questionnaire (NOSACQ-50) which is a diagnostic tool to evaluate the status of an organization's safety climate. Data is finally analyzed descriptively through mean and percentage. The result showed that overall the level of safety climate at MOA was fairly low. Evaluation on three dimensions of safety handling by the management was fairly high for safety justice dimension, fairly low for safety priority, commitment and competence dimension and low for safety empowerment dimension. Further evaluation on four dimensions of safety handling by the workers showed a high level of safety climate for trust in the efficacy of safety systems dimension, fairly high for safety commitment dimension and safety communication, learning and trust in co-worker’s safety competence dimension and fairly low for safety priority and risk non-acceptance dimension. The analysis of this study also revealed that there were significant differences in safety climate by age group and educational level of the respondents. Therefore, this study proposed safety policy formulation, hazard identification, risk assessment and determining control, establishment of Occupational Safety and Health Committee, safety communication, safety training and change in safety behaviour norms in order to improve safety climate at MOA.

Key words: dimension, safety climate, government staff, effectiveness, perception, works environment.