Pemetaan isoglos varian dialek Terengganu berasaskan aplikasi sistem maklumat geografi (Isogloss mapping of Terengganu dialect variations based on geographic information system applications)

Abstract

Makalah ini bertujuan menyerlahkan peta variasi Dialek Terengganu yang wujud di Lembangan Sungai Terengganu dengan mengaplikasikan perisian Sistem Maklumat Geografi (Geographical Information System). Variasi leksikal ‘aku’, ‘kamu’ dan ‘mereka’ yang berfungsi sebagai subjek dalam ujaran yang dituturkan oleh masyarakat kampung yang tinggal di sepanjang Lembangan Sungai Terengganu dimanfaatkan sepenuhnya dalam memenuhi objektif kajian ini. Kajian ini menerapkan kaedah kajian lapangan yang melibatkan teknik temu bual informan dan rakaman. Aspek geolinguistik dan bukan linguistik telah dikemukakan dalam makalah ini bagi mengukuhkan kewujudan isoglos bagi lapan varian dialek kawasan yang merangkumi varian Makam Lama, varian Tajin, varian Butut, varian Pauh, varian Bidur, varian Kuala Pueh, varian Jenagor  dan varian Baung. Taburan varian untuk kebanyakan kawasan kajian di sepanjang LST adalah berbeza mengikut pengaruh pertuturan penuturnya dengan keadaan geografi kawasan kajian. Ringkasnya, penyebaran sesuatu dialek adalah sangat dipengaruhi oleh keadaan geografi atau bentuk muka bumi di persekitaran kawasan kajian seperti lembangan sungai, bukit bukau, hutan, bertanah pamah dan tasik. Dapatan kajian juga membuktikan tiada sebarang penemuan dialek luar atau bahasa Orang Asli di sepanjang Lembangan Sungai Terengganu. Kajian ini  memberi implikasi kepada penambahan kosa ilmu linguistik khususnya bidang kajian Geografi Dialek, di samping mempertingkatkan kefahaman tentang variasi dialek Melayu dalam pendidikan variasi bahasa/dialek Melayu di sekolah, universiti dan kementerian pendidikan. Kajian ini adalah signifikan kepada para ahli linguistik Melayu yang berusaha meneruskan legasi pengkajian dialek di Malaysia dan kelestarian budaya Melayu.

Katakunci: dialek Melayu, geografi dialek,  lembangan sungai Terengganu, peta isoglos, sistem maklumat geografi

This paper aims to illustrate the map of the Terengganu Dialect variations that exist on the basin of the Terengganu River by applying the software of Geographical Information System. Variations of lexical ‘aku’ (I), ‘kamu’ (you) and ‘mereka’ (them) which functions as the subject in the utterance spoken by the village communities living along the River Basin, Terengganu is fully utilized in accomplishing the objectives of this study. This study applies the method of field survey which involves the technique of interview and recording. Aspects of geolinguistic and non-linguistic have been presented in this paper for strengthening the existence of isogloss for eight variants which include Makam Lama, Tajin, Butut, Pauh, Bidur, Kuala Pueh, Jenagor, and Baung. The distribution of variant for most study areas along the LST varies according to the influence of the speaker's speech with the geographical conditions of the study area. In other words, the spread of a dialect is strongly influenced by the geographical conditions or landforms in the environment of the study area such as river basins, hills, forests, lowlands and lakes. The findings of the study also prove the absence of any external dialects or Indigenous People dialect along the River Basin, Terengganu. This study gives implications to the addition of the linguistic studies particularly the Geographical Dialect study, as well as to enhancing the understanding of the variations of the Malay dialects in the education of language variation/dialect of Malay in schools, universities and the ministry of education. This study is significant to the members of the Malay linguistics of trying to continue the legacy of scholarship dialect in Malaysia and the sustainability of the Malay culture.

Keywords: Malay dialect, geographical dialect, Terengganu river basin, isogloss map, geographical information system