Struktur Sistem Pengurusan Krisis/Ancaman Ketenteraman Awam Oleh Majlis Keselamatan Negara (MKN): Kajian Kes Rusuhan Kaum 13 Mei 1969, Peristiwa Kampung Medan 2001 dan Isu Kuil Sri Maha Mariamman 2018 (The Management System Structure of Public Order Crisis/Threats by National Security Council (NSC): A Case Study of May 13, 1969 Racial Riots, 2001 Kampung Medan Incident and 2018 Sri Maha Mariamman Temple Issue)

Abstract

Public order crisis/threats has catches Malaysian government attention when it has caused injury and loss of people life, as well as damage to property, thereby harming the country and affecting the economy. National Security Council (NSC) is the main coordinating agency that responsible for dealing with this public order crisis/threats. The study was carried out to analyze the effectiveness of NSC ‘s involvement in dealing with public order crises/threats in Malaysia. The analysis will also evaluate the level of NSC coordination with other security agencies and the allignment effectiveness between Central and State NSC in dealing with this public order crisis/threats. The analysis focused on three (3) incidents that became the country black history, namely May 13, 1969 Race Riots, 2001 Kampung Medan Incident and 2018 Sri Maha Mariamman Temple. The research method using qualitative and analytical with reference to primary and secondary documents such as official reports, academic journals and online news, besides the application of study models namely Tripartite Model of National Security (3Ps Model). The analysis results found that NSC ‘s involvement was reactive in playing its role in dealing with these three incidents. NSC coordination with other security agencies was active in all three incidents, but coordination with the State NSC was partially effective due to the lack of coordination from the Central NSC. Therefore, NSC needs to remain ensure that the strategies and approaches taken are effective in order to maintain its position as the main coordinating agency for national security that is relevant, effective and reliable.