NEW ESSENTIAL VALUES OF DARURIYYAH (NECESSITIES) OF THE OBJECTIVES OF ISLAMIC LAW (MAQASID AL-SHARI`AH) (Keperluan Nilai Baharu Dalam Maqasid Shari`ah (Objektif Undang-Undang Islam))

Nurdeng Deuraseh

Abstract


ABSTRACT

The main purpose of this article is to introduce two more essential values of daruriyyat (the essential/ the necessities) in accordance to objective of Islamic law namely preservation/protection of environment (Hifz al-Bi`ah) and preservation of health and protection of disease (hifz al-sihhah wa daf ’ al-marad). It could be hardly possible that the existent and classical categories of the objectives of Islamic law (maqasid shari`ah) namely: the essential (daruriyyat); the complimentary (al-hajiyyat); the embellishments (al-Tahsiniyyat), could discover and formulate God’s Will without tajdid al-`aql wa l-fahm (renewal of mind and  understanding)  to  cope  the  challenge  of  modern  and  the  globalization. In the age of globalization, Muslim jurists are being criticized for static or not dynamic understanding of the objective of Islamic law, which make them having lost contact with the changing conditions of contemporary life. In other words, they are unable to relate the objective of Islamic law (maqasid shariah) to modern situation. To response to the modern age, it is an urgently need to regard the preservation/protection of environment; the preservation/protection of health hifz al-Sihhah wa daf` al-marad (protection of disease), as an essential element of maqasid al-shari`ah.

ABSTRAK

Tujuan utama penulisan makalah ini ialah memperkenalkan dua nilai utama yang baharu sebagai tambahan kepada lima darurah (al-darurah al-khamsa) yang telah diperkenalkan selaras dengan Maqasid al-Shari`ah (Objektif undang- undang Islam). Dua nilai baharu ialah pemuliharaan dan perlindungan alam sekitar;  pemuliharaan  dan  perlindungan  kesihatan  (hifz  al-Sihhah  wa  daf'`al-marad), perlu dijadikan sebagai sebahagian daripada maqasid shari`ah. Tidak  mungkin  Maqasid  al-Shari`ah  (Objektif  undang-undang  Islam)  yang telah dijumpai oleh Ulama silam dapat memenuhi Maqasid al-Shari `ah dalam konteks masa kini yang benar-benar dikehendaki oleh Allah SWT Dalam era permodenan dan globalisasi, para fuqaha Islam telah dikritik kerana pemahaman yang  statik  dan  tidak  dinamik   terhadap  Maqasid  al-Shari`ah  yang  sebenar dan sekaligis menyebabkan terputus Maqasid al-Shari `ah dengan kehidupan semasa. Dalam erti kata lain, fuqaha Islam tidak berjaya mengaitkan objektif undang-undang Islam (maqasid syariah) kepada situasi masa kini terutamanya dalam menghadapi glombang pemodenan dan globalisasi.


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JH-2012-0402-06

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