THE STATUS OF INSURANCE AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO AQILAH FOR DIYAT PAYMENTS PERTAINING TO ROAD ACCIDENTS

Ahmad Muhammad Husni, Anwar Fakhri Omar, Muhammad Nazir Alias, Mohd. Al Adib Samuri

Abstract


ABSTRAK

Di sesetengah negara Islam, kes-kes kemalangan jalan raya dikategorikan sebagai kesalahan kecederaan dan membunuh tidak sengaja. Undang-undang negara tersebut memperuntukkan pihak yang terkilan untuk menuntut bayaran diyat  daripada  pesalah  yang  akan  dibayar  oleh  aqilah  iaitu  ahli  keluarga lelaki. Persoalan yang timbul, sejauhmana sistem aqilah dapat digantikan oleh institusi insurans sebagai pembayar diyat kepada mangsa atau keluarganya? Objektif artikel ini dibuat ialah untuk melihat sejauh mana institusi insurans berpotensi  untuk  menggantikan  peranan  aqilah  dalam  membayar  diyat  bagi kes-kes kemalangan jalan raya. Perkara ini penting untuk dikaji kerana institusi insurans adalah institusi kewangan yang lebih efektif dalam melindungi para pencarumnya dan berpotensi untuk menggantikan sistem aqilah yang terlalu terhad kapasiti kewangannya. Kajian mendapati bahawa institusi insurans berpotensi  untuk  menggantikan  peranan  sistem  aqilah  dalam  pembayaran diyat kepada mangsa atau keluarganya yang terlibat dalam kes kemalangan jalan  raya.  Institusi  insurans  mempunyai  persamaan  dengan  sistem  aqilah dari aspek konsep asas, peranan dan juga operasi dalam mencapai matlamat sistem aqilah.

ABSTRACT

In some Islamic countries, traffic accidents are categorised as unintentional harm  or  fatality  cases.  The  laws  of  these  countries  allow  for  the  aggrieved party to demand diyat (compensation for the loss suffered) from the offender that  may  be  paid  by  their  aqilah  (in  its  original  context,  means  community or tribe), or male family members. The question that then arises is to what extent can the aqilah be replaced by insurance agencies as the payer of diyat to the victim(s) or their respected families? The objective of this article is to determine this extent, specifically with regards to traffic accidents. This is an issue of great significance because insurance agencies are better equipped and more effective at providing coverage and protection to their policyholders, and as such have the potential to replace the aqilah system in situations where the financial means for such a payment is not present. Studies have shown that insurance agencies do indeed possess the potential to replace the aqilah system in the capacity of diyat compensation to victim(s) or their families, especially in the case of road accidents. It should be pointed out that insurance agencies possess inherent similarities to the aqilah system, particularly in relation to its basic concept, role and execution in achieving the same goals.

 


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JH-2013-0501-09

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