JATI DIRI MANUSIA: ANTARA ISLAM DAN BARAT (Human Identity: Between Islam and the West)

Muhammad Hilmi Jalil, Mohd Yusof Hj. Othman

Abstract


ABSTRAK

Semua percaya bahawa manusia memainkan peranan penting untuk membangunkan peradaban. Pembangunan peradaban perlu kepada berbagai bentuk bakat sumber manusia. Sebagai agen pembangunan peradaban, manusia perlu membangunkan jati diri mereka. Dalam masa yang sama, tidak dapat dinafikan bahawa manusia merupakan agen kepada permasalahan yang berlaku dalam dunia hari ini. Contohnya masalah pencemaran alam sekitar, krisis ekonomi dan gejala sosial dalam kalangan remaja hari ini. Kesemua ini menunjukkan usaha pembangunan yang dilakukan bersifat tidak seimbang di antara aspek intelek dengan nilai kerohanian. Asas kepada jati diri manusia hari ini dibentuk oleh ahli falsafah barat seperti Sigmund Freud, B. F. Skinner, Carl Rogers, Ivan Pavlov dan ahli sains kemanusiaan lain yang seangkatan. Ahli Falsafah barat menafikan kewujudan tuhan dalam hipotesisnya. Dalam perspektif Islam, jati diri manusia ditentukan oleh lima unsur yang wujud di dalam dan di luar diri manusia iaitu Ruh, Qulub, Nafs, Aql dan Jasad. Ahli falsafah barat cenderung untuk mengabaikan kesemua unsur tersebut kecuali Aql dan Jasad dalam hipotesis mereka. Makalah ini membincangkan perbandingan jati diri manusia antara kerangka pemikiran barat dan Islam supaya kita mampu untuk memperbaiki fenomena kecelaruan dan kesengsaraan pada hari ini.

ABSTRACT

Everyone believes that human being play very important role for the development of any civilization. Civilizational development requires many types of talented human capital. As an agent of civilizational development, people need to develop their identity, at the same time they must also recognize that human being causes a lot of problems in the world of today; for example, the issues of environment, the crisis of economy and currency, and the moral decadence among the youth of today. All these issues show that there is unbalanced development between the intellectual capacities and the spiritual values. The basic identity of human being of today is being determined by western philosophers such as Sigmund Freud, B. F. Skinner, Carl Rogers, Ivan Pavlov and others personalities like them. The western philosophers deny the existence of god in their hypotheses. In Islam, the identity of man is determined by five elements that exist inside and outside of human being, such as Ruh (soul), Qalub (heart), Nafs (emotional Intelligence), Aql (Intellectual intelligence) and Jasad (physical being). Western philosophers tend to neglect all these elements except Aql and Jasad in their hypotheses. In this paper, we discuss a comparative identity of human being from the Western and Islamic perspective so that we are able to rectify the disorder and miserable phenomenon of today.


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JH-2017-SP-08

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