Jurnal Hadhari: An International Journal

INSTITUSI KEKELUARGAAN ISLAM SEBAGAI TONGGAK STRATEGIK PENJAGAAN WARGA EMAS DI NEGARA BRUNEI DARUSSALAM (The Islamic Family Institution As a Strategic Pillar For Senior Citizen in Brunei Darussalam)

2025-12-19T10:05:00+00:00

ABSTRAK

Negara Brunei Darussalam menghadapi fenomena penduduk yang semakin menua. Sekalipun sudah tersedia strategi, akta dan dasar berkenaan hal ehwal warga emas di Negara Brunei Darussalam, penyediaan kerangka kerja dan garis panduan menjaga warga emas di Negara Brunei Darussalam berasaskan pandangan Islam masih belum ada. Segala inisiatif dan daya usaha kerajaan Negara Brunei Darussalam sudah terlaksana dengan sebaik dan secepat mungkin. Perjalanan seseorang menuju ke fasa penuaan turut diketengahkan dalam Islam sehinggakan keperluan terhadap peranan institusi kekeluargaan dalam menjaga warga emas perlu sentiasa dibincangkan kerana isu-isu yang timbul akan bervariasi sesuai transisi zaman. Maka, kajian ini merungkai (1) Perspektif barat dan Islam terhadap proses penuaan warga emas dan tingkatan usia, (2) Kekangan yang ditempuhi oleh warga emas ketika menghadapi proses penuaan, (3) Mekanisme kedinamikan kerajaan Negara Brunei Darussalam dalam menjaga kebajikan warga emas dan (4) Membangun kerangka komprehensif untuk usaha pengukuhan penjagaan warga emas Negara Brunei Darussalam berasaskan panduan Islam. Kajian ini berteraskan kepada pendekatan kualitatif menerusi pendekatan kepustakaan, temu bual, pemerhatian dan analisis dokumen. Penganalisisan data dilaksanakan menerusi kaedah deskriptif dengan perisian NVivo versi 14. Hasil dapatan mendapati bahawa tanggungjawab institusi kekeluargaan berimpak besar dalam penjagaan pemeliharaan warga emas dan mengurangkan risiko penuaan di Negara Brunei Darussalam.

ABSTRACT

Brunei Darussalam faces an aging population, but there is a lack of a comprehensive framework for senior citizen care based on Islamic guidance. Despite existing strategies and policies, the government has implemented them quickly. Islam emphasizes the importance of family institutions in caring for the senior citizen, and the role of family institutions in this process must be constantly discussed. This study examines (1) Western and Islamic perspectives on the aging process and age levels, (2) The challenges faced by the senior citizen, (3) The government’s dynamic mechanism in addressing the senior citizen’s welfare, and (4) The development of a comprehensive framework for the sustainability of senior citizen care in Brunei Darussalam. The study used a qualitative approach, including library interviews, observation, and document analysis and data was analysis using NVivo version 14. The results show that family institutions’ responsibility significantly impacts the senior citizen’s care and reduces the risk of aging in Brunei Darussalam.

MALAYSIA MADANI DALAM ERA PASCANORMAL: ANALISIS SEJARAH DAN CABARAN SEMASA (Malaysia Madani in the Postnormal Era: Historical Analysis and Current Challenges)

2025-12-19T10:06:31+00:00

ABSTRAK

Pelaksanaan konsep Malaysia Madani oleh kerajaan hari ini merupakan inspirasi awal daripada idea Masyarakat Madani yang diperkenalkan oleh Dato’ Seri Anwar Ibrahim pada tahun 90-an. Namun begitu, Malaysia Madani masa kini telah melalui proses reformasi yang menggabungkan amalan sedia ada dengan kaedah baharu yang direka untuk menangani isu-isu dan ketidaktentuan semasa. Langkah ini diambil bagi memastikan konsep Malaysia Madani terus relevan dan dapat dilaksanakan pada masa kini. Pada masa ini, Perdana Menteri dalam ucapannya banyak menekankan cabaran dunia pascanormal. Pascanormal merupakan konsep yang agak baharu khususnya di Malaysia. Kajian ini akan membincangkan konsep pascanormal, khususnya bagi masyarakat Malaysia dari aspek sejarah dan perkembangannya. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan analisis kritis terhadap dokumen primer dan sekunder, termasuk ucapan dasar, dokumen kerajaan serta karya Ziauddin Sardar berkenaan pascanormal. Pendekatan ini membolehkan kajian mengenal pasti hubungan antara gagasan Malaysia Madani dan teori pascanormal dalam konteks cabaran semasa. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa konsep pascanormal yang digunakan telah dipopularkan oleh Ziauddin Sardar pada tahun 2010 yang menyatakan bahawa dalam era pascanormal manusia akan berdepan dengan tiga C iaitu complexity (kompleksiti), chaos (kekacauan) dan contradictions (kontradiksi) yang menjadi fenomena dunia, yang akhirnya membawa kepada isu ketidaktentuan, kerumitan dan kejahilan. Kajian ini mengandaikan bahawa konsep pascanormal merupakan kesinambungan daripada perkembangan era pasca moden. Kajian ini juga mendapati bahawa konsep Malaysia Madani yang diperkenalkan memberi tumpuan kepada menghadapi era pascanormal dengan menekankan pelaksanaan perubahan secara holistik daripada aspek sosial, ekonomi, politik, pentadbiran dan perubahan iklim. Kajian ini turut mendapati bahawa salah satu cabaran terbesar untuk merealisasikan Malaysia Madani ialah menangani aspek ‘kebenaran’ yang akhirnya boleh mempengaruhi autoriti dalam struktur sosial Malaysia.

ABSTRACT

The implementation of the concept of Malaysia Madani by the government today was the initial inspiration of the Masyarakat Madani idea from Dato’ Seri Anwar Ibrahim in the 90s. However, today’s Malaysia Madani has been reformed which combines existing practices with new methods designed to deal with new issues and uncertainties. This is to ensure that the concept of Madani Malaysia continues to be relevant and to be implemented in the present. Nowadays, the Prime Minister in his speech emphasizes a lot about the challenges of the postnormal world. Postnormal is a relatively new concept especially in Malaysia. This study adopts a conceptual approach using critical analysis of both primary and secondary documents, including official speeches, government policy papers, and Ziauddin Sardar’s writings on postnormality. This methodological framework enables the study to explore the theoretical relationship between Malaysia Madani and postnormality within the context of contemporary governance challenges. This study will discuss the concept of postnormality, especially for the Malaysian society from the aspect of history and development. This study found that the post-normal concept used was popularized by Ziauddin Sardar in 2010 who stated that in the postnormal era humans will be faced with the three Cs, namely complexity, chaos, and contradictions which become a world phenomenon that ultimately leads to issues of uncertainty, complexity and ignorance. The study assumes that the postnormal concept is a continuation of the development of the postmodern era. This study found that the concept of Malaysia Madani that was introduced focused on facing the postnormal era by focusing on implementing change holistically from social, economic, political, administrative and climate change aspects. This study also found that one of the biggest challenges for Malaysia Madani to be realized is dealing with the ‘truth’ aspect which can ultimately affect the authority in Malaysia social structure.

PENAFSIRAN GOLONGAN AL-RIQĀB DI MALAYSIA BERDASARKAN KAEDAH TINJAUAN LITERATUR SISTEMATIK (The Interpretation of the al-Riqāb Group in Malaysia Based on Systematic Literature Review)

2025-12-19T10:08:32+00:00

ABSTRAK

Menurut ulama terdahulu, istilah al-Riqāb diterjemah sebagai hamba mukātab atau hamba yang ingin membebaskan dirinya daripada dibelenggu oleh pemiliknya. Sementara itu, ulama kontemporari menafsirkan al-Riqāb sebagai membebaskan hamba yang terbelenggu menggunakan zakat atau bayar secara ansuran. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penafsiran golongan al-Riqāb di Malaysia dengan kaedah Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk memahami bagaimana konsep al-Riqāb telah digunakan di Malaysia dalam tempoh 5 tahun kebelakangan ini iaitu dari tahun 2019 hingga 2024. Metodologi kajian melibatkan analisis dokumen daripada artikel, jurnal dan tesis yang diperoleh melalui pangkalan data dalam talian iaitu menerusi Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar dan ResearchGate. Kajian ini juga dijalankan dengan tahap identifikasi, pemeriksaan, kelayakan dan analisis ringkasan literatur (dapatan kajian). Daripada 25 kajian yang relevan, 16 telah disaring untuk dianalisis. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa tafsiran al-Riqāb telah diperluas secara signifikan dengan penekanan pada golongan yang terbelenggu dalam masalah sosial dan akidah. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini menggesa lebih banyak penyelidikan dilakukan untuk mengembangkan pemahaman terhadap golongan al-Riqāb dan memastikan bantuan zakat disalurkan kepada kumpulan yang layak.

ABSTRACT

The term al-Riqāb is translated as a mukātab slave or a slave seeking to free themselves from the bondage of their owner, according to earlier scholars. Meanwhile, contemporary scholars interpret al-Riqāb as the emancipation of slaves in bondage through zakat or by installment payments. Thus, this study aims to analyze the interpretation of the al-Riqāb group in Malaysia using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. The objective of this study is to understand how the concept of al-Riqāb has been applied in Malaysia over the past five years, from 2019 to 2024. The methodology involves document analysis of articles, journals, and theses obtained from online databases, including Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar and ResearchGate. The study was conducted through the stages of identification, screening, eligibility and summary analysis of the literature (study findings). Out of 25 relevant studies, 16 were selected for analysis. The findings indicate that the interpretation of al-Riqāb has been significantly expanded, with a focus on groups trapped in social and faithrelated issues. In conclusion, this study urges further research to deepen the understanding of the al-Riqāb group and ensure zakat assistance is directed to eligible groups.

FAKTOR UTAMA MODEL TILAWAH AL-QURAN J-QAF TERHADAP ARAS KOMPETENSI MURID SEKOLAH RENDAH (The Main Factors of Tilawah al-Quran j-QAF Model on the Competency Levels of Primary School Students)

2025-12-22T09:02:08+00:00

ABSTRAK

Model Tilawah al-Quran merupakan salah satu daripada lima model utama yang terkandung dalam program j-QAF. Model ini berperanan sebagai elemen penting yang bertujuan memastikan semua murid Islam berjaya mengkhatamkan bacaan al-Quran di peringkat sekolah rendah. Di samping itu, program ini merupakan satu pendekatan sistematik bagi memastikan murid-murid menguasai bacaan al-Quran dengan betul dan lancar, serta berupaya membaca, memahami dan menghayati nilai-nilai al-Quran dengan berkesan. Walaupun begitu, kajian-kajian lepas mendapati bahawa masih terdapat murid-murid yang tidak dapat menguasai bacaan al-Quran dengan betul. Oleh itu, kajian ini dijalankan bagi meneroka faktor-faktor utama dalam Model Tilawah al-Quran melalui pelaksanaan program j-QAF yang mempengaruhi aras kompetensi penguasaan bacaan al-Quran di sekolah rendah. Reka bentuk kajian ini menggunakan kaedah tinjauan dengan instrumen soal selidik sebagai alat pengumpulan data. Dapatan awal kajian menunjukkan bahawa terdapat beberapa faktor utama yang mempengaruhi pencapaian dan penguasaan murid dalam proses pembelajaran. Faktor-faktor tersebut merangkumi faktor pengajaran termasuklah kandungan silibus, kaedah penyampaian guru, faktor murid yang meliputi sikap dan prestasi murid, faktor keluarga termasuk penglibatan ibu bapa serta struktur institusi kekeluargaan. Selain itu, faktor persekitaran juga terlibat iaitu suasana sekeliling, pengaruh rakan sebaya serta sokongan komuniti setempat. Kesemua faktor ini boleh dikategorikan sebagai elemen utama yang menyumbang kepada keberkesanan penguasaan pembelajaran murid.

ABSTRACT

Tilawah al-Quran Model is one of the five main models contained in the j-QAF program. This model serves as an important element that aims to ensure that all Muslim students successfully complete the Quran recitation at the primary school level. This program also a systematic approach to ensure that students master the Quran recitation correctly and smoothly, and are able to read, understand and appreciate the values of the Quran effectively. Despite this, past studies have found that there are still students who are unable to master the Quran recitation correctly. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore the main factors in the Tilawah Quran Model through the implementation of the j-QAF program that influence the level of competency in mastering the Quran recitation in primary schools. The design of this study uses a survey method with a questionnaire instrument as a data collection tool. Initial findings of the study show that there are several main factors that influence student achievement and mastery in the learning process. These factors include teaching factors including syllabus content and teacher delivery methods, student factors including student attitudes and performance, family factors including parental involvement and the structure of family institutions. In addition, environmental factors are also involved, namely the surrounding atmosphere, peer influence and local community support. All of these factors can be categorized as key elements that contribute to the effectiveness of students’ learning mastery.

DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND GLOBALIZATION:THE CHANGING ROLE OF MUTAWWIF IN MALAYSIAN UMRAH AND HAJJ MANAGEMENT(Transformasi Digital dan Globalisasi: Perubahan Peranan Mutawwif dalam Pengurusan Umrah dan Haji Malaysia)

2025-12-19T10:11:32+00:00

ABSTRACT

The function of Mutawwif continues to grow with the progression of time and advancement in technology, and they have to adhere to the training as well as generation. In the context of Islamic civilization in Malaysia, Mutawwif follows the Malaysian Muslims’ pilgrimage process, so the pilgrims can worship comfortably under the direction of Islamic guidelines. According to history, the pilgrimage was one of the essential aspects of the religious life of Muslims in the Malaysian region since the emergence of Islam. The management of the pilgrimage only started during the Malay Sultanate but it only became more structured with the coming of the Western colonizers in the 19th century. After the independence of Malaysia, the government formed the Board of Hajj and Umrah (Luth) to handle the pilgrimage and as for management, those enacting Mutawwif were appointed. Therefore, by enhancing the authority of Mutawwif during the confront with the Industrial Revolution and making sure that these organizations changed according to the guidelines and principles set down by previous scholars, the Muslim community can capitalize on the benefit of the modern technological advancement of the economic revolution of the new age without eroding the richness of Islamic moral and tradition.

ABSTRAK

Fungsi mutawwif terus berkembang seiring dengan perkembangan zaman dan kemajuan teknologi, dan mereka perlu mematuhi latihan serta generasi. Dalam konteks tamadun Islam di Malaysia, Mutawwif mengikuti proses haji umat Islam Malaysia, supaya jemaah haji dapat beribadat dengan selesa di bawah arahan garis panduan Islam. Mengikut sejarah, ibadah haji merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam kehidupan beragama umat Islam di rantau Malaysia sejak kemunculan Islam. Pengurusan ibadah haji hanya bermula pada zaman Kesultanan Melayu tetapi ia semakin tersusun dengan kedatangan penjajah Barat pada abad ke-19. Selepas kemerdekaan Malaysia, kerajaan membentuk Lembaga Haji Malaysia untuk mengendalikan ibadah haji dan bagi pengurusan, mereka yang menggubal mutawwif dilantik. Oleh itu, dengan meningkatkan kewibawaan Mutawwif semasa konfrontasi dengan Revolusi Perindustrian dan memastikan organisasi ini berubah mengikut garis panduan dan prinsip yang ditetapkan oleh ulama terdahulu, masyarakat Islam dapat memanfaatkan kemajuan teknologi moden revolusi ekonomi zaman baharu tanpa menghakis kekayaan akhlak dan tradisi Islam.

KONSEP JIHAD DALAM ISLAM: SUATU KAJIAN ANALISIS KANDUNGAN TEKS BERKENAAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI SALAH FAHAM TERHADAPNYA (The Concept of Jihad in Islam: A Textual Content Analysis on the Factors Influencing Misunderstandings About It)

2025-12-19T10:12:38+00:00

ABSTRAK

Artikel ini membincangkan pemahaman terhadap konsep jihad serta faktor-faktor yang menyumbang kepada salah tafsir terhadap konsep tersebut. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah analisis kualitatif deskriptif melalui pendekatan induktif bagi menganalisis data dokumentasi dengan penekanan khusus terhadap penyelidikan berbentuk korelasi. Antara faktor utama yang menyebabkan Islam disalahertikan sebagai agama yang mempromosikan keganasan ialah penyalahgunaan nama Islam oleh kumpulan ekstremis dalam melaksanakan aktiviti keganasan. Artikel ini turut mengkritik segelintir pihak yang menyalahgunakan istilah jihad demi kepentingan peribadi, yang secara jelas bertentangan dengan ajaran sebenar Islam. Selain itu, artikel ini menekankan bahawa Islam adalah agama yang menjunjung kedamaian dan keharmonian, sebagaimana yang digariskan dalam al-Quran dan Hadis. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa golongan ekstremis ini mempunyai pemahaman yang cetek dan literal terhadap nas-nas syariat, serta jauh menyimpang daripada kerangka pemahaman perundangan Islam yang sebenar.

ABSTARCT

This article discusses the understanding of the concept of jihad and the factors that contribute to its misinterpretation. The study employs a descriptive qualitative analysis using an inductive approach to examine documentary data, with a particular focus on correlational research. One of the main factors leading to the misconception that Islam promotes violence is the misuse of the name of Islam by extremist groups in carrying out acts of terrorism. This article also critiques certain individuals who exploit the term jihad for personal gain, which clearly contradicts the true teachings of Islam. Furthermore, the article emphasizes that Islam is a religion that upholds peace and harmony, as outlined in the Qur’an and Hadith. The findings of the study reveal that these extremist groups possess a shallow and literal understanding of the scriptural texts and deviate significantly from the true framework of Islamic legal interpretation.

KESANTUNAN BERBAHASA DALAM TERAPEUTIK KAUNSELING: ANALISIS BERDASARKAN PRINSIP LEECH (1983) (Linguistic Politeness in Counselling Therapeutic: An Analysis Based on Leech's (1983) Principles)

2025-12-19T10:13:38+00:00

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini meneliti peranan kesantunan berbahasa sebagai elemen teras dalam komunikasi terapeutik kaunseling, dengan menekankan fungsinya bukan sahaja sebagai nilai linguistik tetapi juga sebagai instrumen psikososial yang membina kepercayaan klien dan menyokong keberkesanan intervensi. Berasaskan Prinsip Kesopanan Leech (1983) yang merangkumi enam maksim santun, kedermawanan, sokongan, kerendahan hati, persetujuan dan simpati. Kajian kualitatif ini menggunakan reka bentuk kajian kes melalui temu bual separa berstruktur dengan lima orang kaunselor berpengalaman. Analisis tematik berpandukan prinsip Leech digunakan untuk mengenal pasti bentuk kesantunan berbahasa serta strategi komunikasi terapeutik yang diaplikasikan dalam sesi kaunseling. Dapatan menunjukkan kesantunan berbahasa diamalkan secara lisan dan bukan lisan melalui strategi seperti simpati, empati, persetujuan, kerendahan hati, kedermawanan dan kebijaksanaan, yang berperanan membina hubungan baik, meningkatkan keyakinan klien dan mengurangkan risiko penolakan komunikasi. Walau bagaimanapun, kaunselor berdepan cabaran seperti pemilihan laras bahasa mengikut latar belakang klien, pengawalan emosi dan profesionalisme, perbezaan budaya serta tingkah laku klien yang kurang memberikan kerjasama. Secara keseluruhannya, pengintegrasian kesantunan berbahasa memperkukuh komunikasi terapeutik, mewujudkan suasana sesi yang kondusif dan meningkatkan kepekaan kaunselor terhadap konteks budaya dan emosi. Kajian ini turut mencadangkan agar penyelidikan akan datang melibatkan perspektif klien dan meneliti kesantunan dalam kaunseling pelbagai budaya dan digital bagi memastikan relevan dengan kepelbagaian komunikasi semasa.

ABSTRACT

This study explores the role of linguistic politeness as a core element in therapeutic communication within counselling sessions, emphasizing its function as both a linguistic value and a psychosocial instrument that fosters client trust and supports intervention effectiveness. Grounded in Leech’s Politeness Principle (1983), which comprises six maxims; tact, generosity, approbation, modesty, agreement, and sympathy this qualitative case study involved semi-structured interviews with five experienced counsellors. Thematic analysis, guided by Leech’s framework, was employed to identify forms of linguistic politeness and the therapeutic communication strategies applied in practice. Findings reveal that politeness is manifested both verbally and non-verbally through strategies such as sympathy, empathy, agreement, modesty, generosity, and discretion, all of which enhance rapport, increase client confidence, and minimize the risk of communication resistance. Counsellors, however, face several challenges, including selecting appropriate language registers based on client backgrounds, managing emotions and professionalism, navigating cultural differences, and addressing uncooperative client behavior. Overall, the integration of linguistic politeness strengthens therapeutic communication, cultivates a conducive counselling environment, and enhances counsellors’ cultural and emotional sensitivity, while also providing practical implications for effective intervention. This study further highlights the need for future research involving client perspectives and exploring politeness in multicultural and digital counselling contexts to ensure relevance in contemporary communication dynamics.

REINTERPRETATION OF THE MEANING OF SURAH AL-NUR VERSES 32 WITH THE THEORY OF MOTIVATIONAL MOTIVATION: STUDY OF THE INTERPRETATION OF THE QURAN THROUGH DAVID MC CLELLAND’S THOUGHT APPROACH(Tafsiran Semula Maksud Surah al-Nur Ayat 32 dengan Teori Motivasi: Kajian Tafsiran Al-Quran melalui Pendekatan Pemikiran David Mc Clelland)

2025-12-19T10:14:39+00:00

ABSTRACT

This article discusses the interpretation of Surah al-Nur verses 32 in the contemporary context using a psychological approach. The study in the discussion will be carried out by providing a focus on marriage as a motivation for achievement, affiliation and power, so that the implications of marriage can be brought to the level of the social realm of society. Marriage in a sense Mithaq Ghaliza What God promises will bring sufficiency in life, of course it doesn’t just come without effort. This is where the drive motivation theory comes into play. The research method used in this paper is descriptive analysis, namely by describing a collection of data that has been collected and then analyzed to achieve the purpose of the research. The interpretation method is taḥlīli cum maudhu’i, namely analytical interpretation but still within thematic corridors. The three basic questions in this paper are, 1. What are the verses in the Quran that have a correlation with the marriage verse al-Nur 32, 2. How can marriage be used as motivation to improve the quality of achievement, affiliation and power 3. What are the implications of marriage for an individual? The results of the discussion of this paper are, 1. Several classifications of verses related to marriage include the command to marry, the priority of marriage, criteria for marriage and the interpretation of marriage. 2. Marriage can make a person have drastically increased responsibilities both towards themselves and their family members. 3. Marriage brings feelings and psychological burdens that can trigger an individual’s motivational drive.

ABSTRAK

Artikel ini membincangkan tafsiran Surah An-Nur ayat 32 dalam konteks kontemporari dengan menggunakan pendekatan psikologi. Perbincangan akan dijalankan dengan memberikan tumpuan kepada perkahwinan sebagai motivasi pencapaian, pertalian dan kuasa, agar implikasi perkahwinan dapat dibawa ke peringkat alam sosial masyarakat. Perkahwinan dalam erti kata Mithaq Ghaliza Apa yang dijanjikan Allah akan memberi kecukupan dalam hidup, sudah tentu ia tidak datang begitu sahaja tanpa usaha. Di sinilah teori motivasi pemacu berlaku. Kaedah kajian yang digunakan dalam makalah ini ialah analisis deskriptif iaitu dengan menghuraikan himpunan data yang telah dikumpul kemudian dianalisis untuk mencapai tujuan kajian. Kaedah tafsiran ialah taḥlīli maudhu’i, iaitu tafsiran analitikal tetapi masih dalam koridor tematik. Tiga soalan asas dalam kertas ini ialah, 1. Apakah ayat-ayat al-Quran yang mempunyai kaitan dengan ayat nikah al-Nur 32, 2. Bagaimanakah perkahwinan boleh digunakan sebagai motivasi untuk meningkatkan kualiti pencapaian, pertalian dan kuasa? 3. Apakah implikasi perkahwinan kepada seseorang individu? Hasil perbincangan kertas kerja ini ialah, 1. Beberapa klasifikasi ayat yang berkaitan dengan perkahwinan antaranya ialah perintah untuk berkahwin, keutamaan perkahwinan, kriteria perkahwinan, dan tafsiran perkahwinan. 2. Perkahwinan boleh menjadikan seseorang mempunyai tanggungjawab yang meningkat secara drastik baik terhadap diri sendiri dan ahli keluarga mereka. 3. Perkahwinan membawa perasaan dan beban psikologi yang boleh mencetuskan dorongan motivasi seseorang individu.

ANALYSIS OF HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS AND THEIR IMPACT ON ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

2025-12-22T12:44:08+00:00

ABSTRACT

The United Arab Emirates operates under a clear agenda and exerts substantial efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) across all sectors, particularly in education and health. The nation strives to provide high-quality education, healthcare services, sustainable economic growth, environmental systems, and enhanced resource efficiency. Furthermore, it seeks to contribute to global sustainable development by adopting strategic objectives that ensure investment in human capital, which constitutes the cornerstone of progress in all fields. Despite these continuous efforts toward advancement and sustainability, persistent challenges remain that hinder the realization of sustainable human capital development. These challenges include ongoing technological transformations, rising unemployment rates, disparities in knowledge and skills among individuals, that must be addressed to ensure the full potential of human capital is realized. This study focuses on analyzing the human capital development indicators adopted by the Government of the United Arab Emirates and examining their role in advancing sustainable development. The study employed a descriptive-analytical methodology to examine the economic and social indicators related to human capital, drawing upon periodic reports that assess the country’s economic and developmental readiness. The findings revealed, the importance of leveraging successful international experiences while avoiding the shortcomings of those that failed to achieve their objectives. The study recommends strengthening the government's role in formulating national policies that prioritize human capital and integrate it into sustainability strategies, while preparing the local economy to keep pace with global transformations in light of rapid technological advancements. It further emphasizes the necessity of investing in education and training to enhance technological and digital skills and link them to productive activities, with particular focus on localizing technology and productive employment within the UAE economy, regardless of gender. Based on these findings, the study underscores the need to strengthen the relationship between expenditure on education and training and adaptation to current and future technological levels, thereby contributing to more effective and inclusive sustainable development.

GAHARU: DARI PERUBATAN NABAWI KE BUKTI SAINTIFIK MODEN (Agarwood: From Prophetic Medicine to Modern Scientific Evidence)

2025-12-19T10:19:07+00:00

ABSTRAK

Kemenyan India atau Ud al-Hindi disebut berulang kali dalam Sahih al-Bukhari sebagai salah satu kaedah rawatan yang dipraktikkan pada era Kenabian. Dalam beberapa hadis, Rasulullah SAW menegaskan bahawa kemenyan India mempunyai nilai perubatan yang tinggi, bahkan mampu merawat sehingga tujuh jenis penyakit, termasuk pleuritis (radang selaput paru-paru) dan masalah tekak. Kajian moden menunjukkan bahawa kemenyan India yang dirujuk dalam hadis dipercayai berasal daripada tumbuhan yang dikenali sebagai gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis). Gaharu telah lama digunakan dalam perubatan tradisional di Asia Timur, Tibet dan Ayurveda, serta diiktiraf dalam pelbagai budaya dan agama sebagai bahan bernilai tinggi kerana sifat aromatik dan terapeutiknya. Sehubungan itu, artikel ini bertujuan untuk menghuraikan potensi terapeutik gaharu dalam bidang kesihatan dan perubatan kontemporari, selaras dengan penggunaannya dalam Perubatan Nabawi seperti yang dinyatakan dalam Sahih al-Bukhari. Kajian literatur ini merangkumi sumber data yang dianalisis daripada pangkalan data Google Scholar, PubMed, dan ScienceDirect bagi tempoh 2013 hingga 2025, dengan meneliti penemuan saintifik terkini berkaitan gaharu yang diakui berpotensi besar dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat moden. Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa gaharu berasal daripada spesies Aquilaria malaccensis dan merupakan salah satu daripada keluarga Thymelaeaceae, yang banyak ditemui di Asia Tenggara, Asia Selatan, dan Timur Tengah. Pokok ini menghasilkan resin berwarna gelap serta berdamar sebagai mekanisme pertahanan semula jadi terhadap jangkitan mikroorganisma pada luka batang. Kepelbagaian dan kerumitan juzuk kimia gaharu inilah yang menyumbang kepada pelbagai bioaktiviti dan kesan farmakologinya, termasuk sifat antidiabetik, antioksidan, antimikrob, antikanser, anti radang, antidepresan, antiasma, serta potensi perlindungan neurodegeneratif dan peranan dalam pengawalan fungsi reproduktif. Secara keseluruhannya, gaharu bukan sahaja merupakan bahan bernilai tinggi dalam industri minyak wangi komersial, tetapi juga sebagai agen terapeutik yang wajar diterokai secara lebih mendalam dalam penyelidikan kesihatan dan perubatan. Lebih penting lagi, analisis ini juga mengukuhkan kaitan antara amalan Perubatan Nabawi yang disabdakan oleh Nabi Muhammad SAW dengan bukti saintifik moden, sekali gus memperlihatkan keserasian tradisi Islam dengan disiplin sains kontemporari.

ABSTRACT

Indian incense, or Ud al-Hindi, is repeatedly mentioned in Sahih al-Bukhari as one of the therapeutic practices applied during the Prophetic era. In several hadiths, the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) emphasized that Indian incense possesses significant medicinal value, being capable of treating up to seven types of ailments, including pleurisy (inflammation of the pleural membrane) and throat-related disorders. Modern studies suggest that the Indian incense referred to in these hadiths is believed to originate from a plant known as agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis). Agarwood has long been utilized in traditional medicine systems such as East Asian, Tibetan, and Ayurvedic medicine, and is highly esteemed across diverse cultures and religions for its aromatic and therapeutic qualities. Accordingly, this article aims to elaborate on the therapeutic potential of agarwood in contemporary health and medicine, in alignment with its use in Prophetic Medicine as documented in Sahih al-Bukhari. This literature review draws upon data analyzed from Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases covering the period from 2013 to 2025, focusing on recent scientific findings related to agarwood that highlight its considerable promise in enhancing modern human well-being. Findings indicate that agarwood is derived from the species Aquilaria malaccensis, a member of the Thymelaeaceae family, predominantly found in Southeast Asia, South Asia, and the Middle East. This tree produces a dark resinous heartwood as a natural defense mechanism in response to microbial infections caused by wounding. The diversity and complexity of agarwood’s chemical constituents account for its wide-ranging bioactivities and pharmacological effects, including antidiabetic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, antiasthmatic, as well as neuroprotective properties and roles in reproductive regulation. Overall, agarwood is recognized not only as a highly valuable commodity in the commercial perfume industry but also as a therapeutic agent warranting further in-depth exploration in health and medical research. More importantly, this analysis reinforces the connection between the Prophetic medical practices advocated by the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and modern scientific evidence, thereby highlighting the harmony between Islamic tradition and contemporary scientific disciplines.

Orkes Masyarakat Manusiawi oleh Maszlee Malik. 2019. Penerbit Thukul Cetak, 9-1A, Jalan 15/1A, Seksyen 15 43650, Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor

2025-12-19T10:20:01+00:00

Ulasan Buku/Book Review