Penggunaan Aplians Penahan Ortodontik Boleh Tanggal Bagi Pengekalan Hasil Rawatan Ortodontik - Ulasan

Abstract

AbstractRetention phase is fundamental in orthodontic treatment. Around 70% of patients are subjected to relapse post-orthodontic treatment. The risk of relapse can be minimized by prescribing retainer suitable to patient’s pre-treatment clinical condition and based on retention characteristics of retainers. When removable retainers are prescribed, responsibility of maintaining tooth stability lies on patients. Recent idea has been proposed that removable retainer should be worn indefinitely in order to maintain the treatment result. Therefore, the understanding of retention characteristics of removable retainers is important for promoting patient compliance and satisfaction. This article focuses on reviewing the use of removable retainers in relation to preferences among clinicians, patient acceptability, effectiveness, compliance, as well as retention regimes. An electronic search was conducted in the PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect and Scopus database. The search was performed up to June 2020 using a variety of keywords including orthodontic retainers, Hawley, vacuum formed and retention. Among the 248 publications that were initially searched, total of 56 publications were finally included. Twenty-seven were observational (6 prospective; 16 cross-sectional, 4 retrospective, and 1 case series), 14 experimental, 14 review articles, and one opinion piece. Although quite a number of reviews on removable retainers were available, several significant papers have been published recently. Furthermore, a guideline on retention regime is warranted. AbstrakFasa pengekalan adalah asas dalam rawatan ortodontik. Lebih kurang 70% pesakit mengalami kambuh semula selepas rawatan ortodontik. Risiko kambuh semula dapat dikurangkan dengan penggunaan alat penahan yang sesuai dengan keadaan klinikal pesakit sebelum rawatan dan berdasarkan ciri-ciri alat penahan. Apabila alat penahan boleh tanggal diberi, tanggungjawab menjaga kestabilan gigi terjatuh kepada pesakit. Idea terkini telah diusulkan bahawa alat penahan yang boleh ditanggalkan harus dipakai selama-lamanya untuk mengekalkan hasil rawatan. Oleh itu, pemahaman terhadap ciri-ciri pengekalan alat penahan gigi yang boleh ditanggalkan adalah penting untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan dan kepuasan pesakit. Artikel ini mengaji alat penahan gigi yang boleh ditanggalkan dan fokus dalam perkara termasuk pilihan kegemaran di kalangan doktor pergigian, tahap penerimaan pesakit, keberkesanan alat, kepatuhan pesakit, dan juga rejim fasa pengekalan. Pencarian artikel secara elektronik dilakukan di “PubMed/MEDLINE”, “ScienceDirect” dan “Scopus database”. Pencarian telah dilakukan hingga Jun 2020 menggunakan pelbagai kata kunci termasuk alat penahan ortodontik, “Hawley”, terbentuk secara vakum dan pengekalan. Di antara 248 penerbitan yang dicari, sebanyak 56 penerbitan akhirnya dimasukkan. Dua puluh tujuh kajian adalah kajian jenis pemerhatian (6 prospektif; 16 keratan rentas, 4 retrospektif, dan 1 siri kes), 14 eksperimen, 14 artikel ulasan, dan satu pendapat. Walaupun terdapat banyak ulasan mengenai alat penahan yang boleh ditanggalkan, hanya beberapa artikel yang penting telah diterbitkan baru-baru ini. Bukan itu sahaja, garis panduan mengenai rejim pengekalan jugalah sangat diperlukan. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JSKM-2021-1902-07