Had Fungsi Rumah Perantaraan sebagai Penempatan Sementara untuk Bekas Banduan di Malaysia (Function Limitations of Halfway Houses as Temporary Homes Intended for Former Prisoners in Malaysia)

Mohd Alif Jasni, Siti Hajar Abu Bakar Ah, Jal Zabdi Mohd Yusoff, Khairiyah Md. Shahid, Noralina Omar, Zaiton Azman

Abstract


Kejayaan sistem keadilan jenayah di Malaysia dalam menubuhkan program rumah perantaraan untuk bekas banduan yang dibebaskan harus dibanggakan. Hal ini selari dengan usaha pelbagai negara maju dalam menyediakan sebuah penempatan buat  bekas banduan yang dibebaskan dari penjara. Idea utama adalah bagi memastikan transisi bekas banduan berjalan lancar dari kehidupan di dalam penjara untuk masuk ke dalam kehidupan masyarakat berkomuniti. Rumah perantaraan ini adalah begitu penting buat bekas banduan yang mengalami masalah ketiadaan rumah untuk ditujui selepas dibebaskan. Situasi ini terjadi akibat penolakan keluarga yang membuatkan bekas banduan ini tidak tahu hala tuju selepas dibebaskan. Pengumpulan data kertas konsep ini adalah bersifat kualititatif dengan mengunakan kaedah ulasan literatur dari kajian-kajian terdahulu untuk menyokong perbincangan ini. Maklumat-maklumat yang realistik daripada ulasan literatur daripada pengalaman negara maju digunakan dalam merangka program-program yang bersesuaian yang dapat disuntik ke dalam rumah perantaraan sedia ada. Hasil perbincangan kertas konsep ini mendapati program rumah perantaraan yang diadakan mempunyai had fungsi tersendiri. Perbincangan yang dilakukan telah mendapati wujudnya had fungsi dari segi ketiadaan program penempatan pekerjaan, program anti-penyalahgunaan dadah dan program pengukuhan kekeluargaan. Hal ini kerana peluang pekerjaan, bebas dari sebarang penyalahgunaan dadah serta dapat bersatu semula dengan keluarga dilihat sebagai elemen-elemen yang sangat penting dalam memastikan integrasi bekas banduan yang lancar.  Keadaan ini membawa kepada usaha untuk mencadangkan elemen-elemen ini sebagai program sepanjang bekas banduan menyertai rumah perantaraan ini. Diharap kertas konsep ini dapat menjadi panduan kepada sistem keadilan jenayah dalam memperbaiki program rumah perantaraan sedia ada ini.

 

Kata kunci: Rumah perantaraan; bekas banduan; had fungsi; limitasi;integrasi

 

Abstract

 

The success of the criminal justice system in Malaysia in setting up an intermediary home program for ex-prisoners is an initiative to be proud of. It is in line with the efforts of various developed countries in providing halfway houses for ex-prisoners. The main idea is to ensure the transition of ex-prisoners runs smoothly from life in jail to joining the community. This halfway house is so important especially for ex-prisoners who have no homes to live in after their released. One of the reasons is due to family rejections. The research methodology of this concept paper is qualitative in nature with reference of previous studies in the field of criminal justice. Information from literature reviews of developed countries is used in designing suitable programs for the existing halfway houses in Malaysia. This paper would further address the functional limit found in the previous studies’ discussions. The absence of job replacement program, drug abuse program and family reinforcement program are among the functional limits of halfway houses in Malaysia. Such programs are vital in integrating the ex-prisoner’s re-entry in the community. The suggestions promote a dynamic input for the policymakers to better equipped the existing halfway houses with such programs. The end results of this study are hoped to benefit the ex-prisoners prior re-entering the community once again and the government in building more valuable intermediary programs in the near future.

 

Keywords: Halfway houses; ex-prisoner; criminal justice; community re-entry; functional limitations.

 


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