Analisis Trend Indeks Harga dan Taburan Jenis Perumahan Mengikut Kelas Sosioekonomi di Kuala Lumpur (Trend Analysis of Prices Index and Distribution Types of Housing Based on Socioeconomic Classes in the Kuala Lumpur)
Abstract
Rumah merupakan satu keperluan asas yang harus dimiliki bagi memastikan kesejahteraan hidup rakyat dapat dipertingkatkan. Namun begitu, isu harga rumah yang tidak konsisten dan mampu milik menimbulkan pelbagai spekulasi dalam kalangan penduduk. Secara umum, keadaan ini berpunca daripada peningkatan harga rumah yang dipengaruhi oleh nilai tanah, dan jarak daripada pusat bandar. Oleh itu, kajian ini memfokuskan kepada indeks harga rumah dan taburan jenis perumahan yang wujud di sekitar bandar Kuala Lumpur. Data yang diperoleh daripada Jabatan Penilaian dan Perkhidmatan Harta Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur (JPPHKL) dijadikan sebagai sumber utama untuk mengenal pasti indeks harga rumah dan jenis perumahan. Untuk memaparkan imej secara visual, Sistem Maklumat Geografi (GIS) akan diguna pakai untuk menganalisis taburan. Indeks harga rumah di sekitar bandar Kuala Lumpur dilihat semakin meningkat secara konsisten merangkumi semua jenis perumahan yang ditawarkan. Nilai tanah yang semakin meningkat di Kuala Lumpur menyebabkan wujudnya taburan jenis perumahan yang tersendiri dan dapat dikaitkan dengan tahap sosioekonomi penduduk. Perumahan jenis kondominium yang hanya mampu dimiliki golongan berpendapatan tinggi cenderung untuk dibina berdekatan dengan pusat bandar. Manakala, taburan rumah pangsapuri adalah lebih seragam dan rumah teres jauh di pinggir bandar. Kedua-dua jenis perumahan ini kebiasaannya dimiliki oleh golongan pertengahan. Taburan perumahan pangsa yang dibina untuk kelompok berpendapatan rendah juga adalah lebih seragam. Oleh itu, adalah penting untuk pihak berkuasa tempatan mengambil kira harga dan jenis taburan perumahan sebagai panduan sebelum menyediakan kemudahan perkhidmatan yang diperlukan.
Kata kunci: Harga rumah; trend; taburan perumahan; jarak dari pusat bandar; taraf sosioekonomi
Abstract
The home is a basic necessity that must be owned to ensure the well-being of the people can be enhanced. However, the inconsistency and affordability of housing prices led to many speculations among the population. Generally, it is happened due to the increasing value of land prices, and the distance from the city centre. Therefore, this study will focus on the housing price index and the distribution of housing types that exist around the Kuala Lumpur. Data obtained from the Federal Territory of Property and Property Services Department are used as the main source for identification of housing price index and housing types. To display an image, the Geographic Information System (GIS) will be used to analyze the distribution. The housing price index is increased consistently including all types of housing are offered. High value of land in Kuala Lumpur has led to the distribution of distinctive housing types and can be attributed to the socioeconomic level of the population. Condominiums that are only affordable for high-income group tend to be built close to the city center. Meanwhile, the distribution of apartment houses is more uniform and the terrace houses is at suburbs area. Both types of housing are usually owned by the middle class communities. Distribution of flat housing built for the lower income group is also uniformly. Therefore, it is important for local authorities to take into consideration the price and type of housing distribution as a guide before providing the necessary service facilities.
Keywords: Housing price; trend; distribution of houses; distance from city centre; socioeconomic class
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