Sustainable Development from Resource Exploitation Perspective
Abstract
Sustainable development denotes human desire to change (for better or worse) indefinitely without seriously affecting his environment. Although the physical system of planet earth have the capacity to sustain life supporting processes for a long period of time through various biogeochemical cycles, interruptions of these processes by human development activities could cause impairment of the environment. A high rate of economic growth and development could cause depletion of resources, such as petroleum as one of the most important energy resources. There are opposing views on resource sustainability for development, the pessimistic, optimistic and moderate views. The basis of these views, is analysed. Resource exploitation and depletion by transnational corporations activities are also discussed. This paper attempts to review and analyse the relationship between man strive to achieve sustainable development and the earth capacity to sustain this strive. It also attempts to draw conclusions whether sustainable development is real or is just a dream that could turn into a nightmare.
Key words: Sustainable development, biogeochemical cycle, growth rate, re-source exploitation, resource depletion.
ABSTRAK
Pembangunan lestari melambangkan keinginun manusia untuk mengubah (bagi kebaikan atau keburukan) secara berterusan dengan tidak memberi kesan kepada alam sekitar. Walaupun sistem fizikal planet bumi mempunyai keupayaan untuk menampung proses kehidupun bagi jangka masa yang panjang melalui bebagai kitaran biogeokimia, gangguan terhadap proses ini dalam kegiatan pembangunan manusia boleh menjejaskan alam sekitar. Kadar pertumbuhan dan pembangunan yang tinggi boleh mengurangkan sumber seperti petroleum iaitu sumber tenaga yang terpenting. Terdapat beberapa pendapat yang bertentangan berkaitan kelestarian sumber untuk pembangunan, iaitu pendapat pesimis, optimis dan kesederhanaan. Asas pendapat-pendapar ini dianalisis. Eksploitasi dan kehabisan sumber oleh kegiatan syarikat transnasional juga dibincangkan. Artikel ini cuba meneliti perhubungan antara perjuangan manusia untuk mencapai pembangunan lestari dan keupayaan bumi untuk menampung perjuangan ini dan akhirnya membuat kesimpulan sama ada pembangunan lestari adalah sesuatu yang nyata atau hanya sesuatu hayalan yang boleh bertukar menjadi suatu igauan yang ngeri.
Kata Kunci: Pembangunan iestari, kitaran biogeokimia, kadar penumbuhan, eksploitasi sumber, kehabisan sumber
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