Efficiency of Counselor in ConductingVarious Cultural Counseling Services (Kecekapan Kaunselor dalam Menjalankan Perkhidmatan Kaunseling Pelbagai Budaya)
Abstract
Multicultural counseling competencies are one of the important aspects to the practice of counselors in order to provide effective counseling services. However, studies of multicultural counseling competencies among counselors in Malaysia are still not sufficient to serve as a referral source. This study aims to identify the level of multicultural counseling competencies as a whole and by domain competence as practiced by counselors in Malaysia. The study also aims to identify the difference levels of multicultural counseling efficiency of the respondents based on gender, level of education, and professional experience in the counseling area. The study consisted of 102 counselors who were randomly selected in Malaysia and served as counselors at the Ministry of Education. The instrument used in this study was developed by the researchers based on the theory, interviews, expert panel, and also reviews of literature.The findings showed that the overall mean score of the respondents’ multicultural counseling competency level is at a high level. Although in terms of the overall level of efficiency is at a high level, the knowledge domain level is at the highest level compared to the domain of consciousness and domain of skills. The study also found that there were significant differences in the level of multicultural counseling competencies among the respondents based on the level of education. In contrast, there were no significant differences in the efficiency of the respondents based on gender and professional experience. This study suggested implications for counseling training in improving the efficiency of multicultural counseling.
Keywords: Counselor; multicultural counseling efficiency; counseling process, culture; counseling services
Abstract
Kecekapan kaunseling pelbagai budaya merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam amalan kaunselor untuk menyediakan perkhidmatan kaunseling yang berkesan. Walau bagaimanapun, kajian ke atas kecekapan kaunseling pelbagai budaya dalam kalangan kaunselor di Malaysia masih tidak mencukupi untuk dijadikan sumber rujukan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti tahap kecekapan kaunseling pelbagai budaya secara keseluruhan dan mengikut domain kecekapan yang diamalkan oleh kaunselor di Malaysia. Kajian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti tahap perbezaan kecekapan kaunseling pelbagai budaya responden berdasarkan jantina, tahap pendidikan, dan pengalaman profesional dalam bidang kaunseling. Kajian ini melibatkan responden seramai 102 orang kaunselor yang telah dipilih secara rawak dan berkhidmat sebagai kaunselor di agensi-agensi di bawah pentadbiran Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam kajian ini telah dibangunkan oleh para penyelidik berdasarkan teori, wawancara, panel pakar, dan juga tinjauan literatur. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa skor min keseluruhan tahap kompetensi kaunseling pelbagai budaya responden berada pada tahap yang tinggi. Walaupun dari segi tahap kecekapan keseluruhan berada pada paras yang tinggi, namun tahap domain pengetahuan berada pada tahap tertinggi berbanding dengan domain kesadaran dan domain kemahiran. Kajian ini juga mendapati terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan dalam tahap kebolehan kaunseling pelbagai budaya dalam kalangan responden berdasarkan tahap pendidikan. Sebaliknya, tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan tahap kecekapan responden berdasarkan jantina dan pengalaman profesional. Kajian ini juga telah mencadangkan implikasi untuk latihan kaunseling dalam usaha untuk meningkatkan kecekapan kaunseling pelbagai budaya.
Kata kunci: Kaunselor; kecekapan kaunseling pelbagai budaya; proses kaunseling; budaya; perkhidmatan kaunseling
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