Use and Trade of Rattan by the Jahai in Hulu Perak, Malaysia
Abstract
This article is about rattan collecting activities as practised by the Orang Jahai of Hulu Perak. Orang Jahai are still hunters and gatherers. Rattan collecting has provided them with a main source of income which they use to purchase mainly essential goods. Rattan collected for commercial purposes are done by Orang Jahai with the help of the towkay, who provided them with the transportation such as motorboats and food supplies to enable them to go deep into the jungle for the rattan product. The rattan are then brought to the collecting centre where they are collected by the same towkay, who will pay them after all expenditures have been deducted. Although this towkay system expose the Orang Jahai to exploitation, nevertheless the system has enable them to obtain money for buying food and other necessities.
ABSTRAK
Artikel ini cuba membicarakan kegiatan mengeluarkan rotan yang dilakukan oleh Orang Jahai yang tinggal di Hulu Perak. Orang Jahai merupakan kumpulan Orang Asli yang masih hidup berpindah-randah memburu dan mengumpul hasil hutan untuk menyara kehidupan mereka. Kegiatan mengeluarkan hasil hutan seperti rotan ini telah membolehkan masyarakat ini mendapat wang untuk membeli barang-barang yang mereka perlukan. Bahkan bagi masyarakat ini rotan merupakan sumber kewangan yang utama. Rotan yang dipasarkan secara komersil dikeluarkan oleh Orang Jahai melalui pembiayaan taukeh yang menyediakan kemudahan pengangkutan seperti motorbot dan alat-alat lain serta bekalan makanan untuk membolehkan mereka pergi ke kawasan pendalaman hutan mencari bahan tersebut. Rotan yang telah dipotong ini kemudiannya dibawa ke pusat pengumpulan dan taukeh yang membiayai kegiatan ini akan datang mengambilnya. Mereka akan hanya dibayar setelah semua kos perbelanjaan ditolak daripada hasil jualan rotan tersebut. Walaupun sistem bertaukeh ini mendedahkan Orang Jahai kepada penindasan tetapi sistem ini telah membolehkan masyarakat ini mendapat wang untuk membeli makanan dan keperluan-keperluan lain.
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