Impak Sosioekonomi Lebuhraya Pan Borneo Terhadap Komuniti Tempatan (Socio-Economic Impact of Pan Borneo Highway To Local Community)
Abstract
Pada arus modernisasi, pelbagai pelaksanaan pembangunan telah dijalankan bagi mencapai sebuah negara maju di persada dunia. Lebuhraya Pan Borneo merupakan salah sebuah projek mega Malaysia bagi meningkatkan lagi kualiti jalan raya yang sedia ada kepada sebuah lebuhraya yang lebih baik serta efisien. Namun begitu, projek ini secara langsung dan tidak langsung telah mewujudkan pelbagai impak kepada sosioekonomi penduduk di kawasan daerah Engkilili. Oleh itu, kajian ini dilakukan bagi mengenalpasti masalah yang wujud semasa dan selepas pembinaan Lebuhraya Pan Borneo serta memberi cadangan bagi mengurangkan isu berkenaan berlaku dengan lebih buruk. Kajian kuantitatif ini dilakukan dengan mentadbir borang soal selidik yang diedarkan secara rawak kepada 101 orang ketua isi rumah bagi mendapatkan hasil kajian yang kemudiannya dianalisis menggunakan IBM SPSS 20. Hasil kajian mendapati impak yang telah wujud hasil daripada rancangan projek ini adalah isu petempatan, rutin harian serta taraf ekonomi penduduk. Tambahan pula, pembinaan lebuhraya ini dilakukan berhampiran dengan kawasan petempatan penduduk sehingga menyebabkan penduduk dipaksa berpindah ke kawasan yang lain. Selain daripada menjejaskan aktiviti harian penduduk, projek ini turut memberi impak kepada sumber pendapatan penduduk apabila kawasan pertanian turut diambil oleh pihak berkuasa bagi membina lebuhraya berkenaan. Impak tersebut sekaligus telah memberi kesan kepada kualiti hidup masyarakat yang terlibat dengan projek berkenaan. Secara kesimpulannya, pembinaan Lebuhraya Pan Borneo sememangnya menjejaskan kualiti hidup sedia ada penduduk setempat. Oleh yang demikian, langkah mitigasi telah dicadangkan bagi mengurangkan isu sosioekonomi wujud semasa dan selepas pembinaan lebuhraya berkenaan.
Kata kunci: Pan Borneo; pembangunan; projek lebuhraya; projek mega; sosioekonomi
Abstract
In pursuit of modernization, various developmental initiatives have been undertaken to achieve the status of a developed nation in the eyes of the world. The Pan Borneo Highway is one of the mega projects to enhance the quality of existing roads to gain a better accessibility and more efficient highway. However, this project has directly and indirectly created a huge impact on the socio-economic of Engkilili’s population. Therefore, the study was conducted to identify problems occurred during and after the construction of the Pan Borneo Highway and to suggest measures to mitigate the possible adverse effects. This quantitative study was conducted by administering a questionnaire form distributed randomly to 101 household heads to obtain study results that were then analyzed using IBM SPSS 20. The study found that the impact that the project has had on the project is the issue of settlements, daily routines and the economic status of the population. In addition, the construction of the highway was carried out near the residents' quarters forcing the residents to move to other areas. Other than daily interruption on the life of the residents, the project also has an impact on the source of income for the people when agricultural areas are taken by the authorities to construct the highways. This has also had an impact on the quality of life of the people involved in the project. In conclusion, the construction of the Pan Borneo Highway does indeed affect the quality of life of the locals. Therefore, mitigation measures have been proposed to reduce the socio-economic issues that exist during and after the construction of the highway.
Keywords: Pan Borneo; development; highway project; mega project; socioeconomic
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