Mengenalpasti Asas Pembentukan Kumpulan-kumpulan: Suatu Penelitian dari Perspektif Demografi Sosial

HAIRI ABDULLAH (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, abdullahhairi@yahoo.de)

Abstract


No one is able to explain the sociological meaning of a demographic data without relating them to the existing social and cultural values of a society. An attempt is therefore made in this paper to discuss the basic demographic parameters of Peninsular Malaysia and analyse them within the context of Malaysian society. The paper outlines firstly the growth and development of the Malaysian population as well as the nature of its composition and distribution. Secondly, it analyses the significant of these demographic parameters in the formation of various social groups. Hence there are social groups formed on the basis ofethnic or sex or age or even their residential areas and economic activities. Acknowledging that there are differences in social norms and cultural values it is logical therefore that different social groups have different behavioural patterns. These patterns in turn influence the dynamics of demographic change of the population as a whole.

ABSTRAK

Tiada sesiapapun yang boleh menerangkan makna yang sebenarnya tentang data demografi tanpa merujuk kepada nilai-nilai sosial dan budaya yang sedia wujud dalam sesebuah masyarakat. Dengan demikian satu percubaan telah diterokai dalam kertas ini untuk membincangkan kesignifikanan parameter asas demografi Semenanjung Malaysia dan membahaskannya dalam konteks masyarakat Malaysia. Perbincangan dimulakan dengan pertama sekali menerangkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan penduduk di samping memahami komposisi dan taburannya. Keduanya, ia menganalisis kesignifikanan parameter demografi ini dalam proses pembentukan berbagai-bagai jenis kelompok. Justeru itu kita akan dapat melihat terbentuknya kelompok-kelompok atas dasar etnik atau jantina atau umur atau pun kawasan tempat tinggal dan kegiatan-kegiatan ekonomi. Adalah jelas kepada kita bahawa norma sosial dan nilai budaya kelompok-kelompok tersebut bukan sahaja mempengaruhi pola tingkahlaku anggota-anggota dalam kelompok tetapi juga kedinamisan perubahan demografi kependudukan negara ini secara keseluruhannya.



Full Text:

PDF

References


Abdul Majid Mat Salleh. 1989. Struktur perkahwinandan perceraian perubahan antara 1970 dan 1980. Dim. Penduduk Semenanjung Malaysia: Struktur, proses, dan Masalah, Hairi Abdullah (ed.). Bangi: Penerbit UKM.

Bulato, R. 1983. Fertility Determinants in Newly Developing Countries, (2 vols). New York: Academic Book.

Boeke, J.H. 1961. Dualistic economies (terjemahan daripada "dualistiche economie" Inaugural Lecture, University of Leiden, 1930). Dalam Indonesian Economies. The Hague.

Bogue, D. 1968. Principles of Demography. New York: John Wiley.

Brown, L.R. 1984. The State of the World. Norton, New York: A Worldwatch Institute.

Cassen, R. H. 1978. India: Population, Economy, Society. London: Macmillan.

Chander, R. 1977. Banci Penduduk dan Perumahan Malaysia 1970. Kuala Lumpur: Jabatan Perangkaan.

Davis, K. & Blake, E. 1956. Social structure and fertility: An analytic framework. Economic Development and Cultural Change 4 (3).

Durkheim, E. 1893 (1933). The Division of Labour in Society. New York: Macmillan.

Evers, Hans-Dieter. 1981. The challenge of diversity: Southeast Asian studies and the development of social science. Dim. A Colloquium on Southeast Asian Studies, Shamsul Bahrin, Chandran Jeshurun & Terry Ramboo (eds). ISEAS. Singapore.

Fernandez, D. et al. 1974. The Population of Malaysia, CCCRED Series, New York.

Freedman, R. 1962. The Sociology of Human Fertility. New York: John Wiley.

Furnivall, J.S. 1939.Netherland India: A Study of Plural Economy. London.

Ford, T.R. & DeJong, G.F. 1970. Social Demography: Englewood, Califf, N.J: Prentice-Hall.

Gertz, C. 1960. The Javanese Kijaji: The changing role of a cultural broker. Comparative Studies in Society and History 2: 2288-249.

Goldscheider, C. 1971. Population, Modernization, and Social Structure. New York: Little, Brown.

Hairi Abdullah. 1984. Revolusi dalam kadar mortaliti: Satu pemerhatian terhadap kesannya pada pertumbuhan penduduk dan revelannya sebagai indeks pembangunan di Malaysia. Ilmu Alam. 12-13: 1-21.

Hairi Abdullah, ed. 1989. Penduduk Semenanjung Malaysia: Struktur, Proses, Masalah. Bangi: Penerbit UKM.

Hauser, P.M. 1959. Demography in relation to sociology, AJS 65 (2): 169-73.

Hamzah Sendut. 1962. Patterns of Urbanization in Malaya. University of Singapore.

Hartley, S.F. 1972. Population: Quality vs Quantity. Englewood, Califf, N.J: Prentice-Hall.

Jackson, R.M. 1961. Immigrant Labour and the Development of Malaya 1786- 1920. Kuala Lumpur: Govt Printers.

Jones, G. W. & Sidhu, M.S. 1981. Population Dynamics in a Plural Society: Peninsular Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaya.

Khoo Teik Huat. 1985 Banci Penduduk dan Perumahan 1980. Kuala Lumpur: Jabatan Penerangan.

Lee Poh Fong. 1983. Pengaruh Kongsi Gelap Dalam Masyarakat Cina: Satu Kajian Kes di Ampang, Selangor. Latihan Ilmiah, UKM, Bangi.

Lim Chong Yah. 1967. Economic Development of Modern Malaya. Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press.

Lim Lin Lean. 1983. Population and Development. Kuala Lumpur: IBS.

Malaysia. 1976. Perangkaan Penting 1975. Kuala Lumpur: Jabatan Perangkaan.

Malaysia. 1986. Perangkaan Penting 1985. Kuala Lumpur: Jabatan Perangkaan.

McGee, T. G. 1969. The Urbanization Process in the Third World. London.

Nag, M. ed. 1975. Population and Social Organization. The Hague: Mouton.

Poggi, G. 1972. Images of Society: Essays on the Sociological Theories of Tocquoville. Stanford University Press.

Rocher, G. 1974. Talcott Parsons and American Sociology. New York: Nelson.

United Nations. 1986. Population of Malaysia. Bangkok: ESCAP.

Van Gennep. 1960. The Rites ofPassage (terjemahan Monika B. Vizedom &Gabrille L. Caffee). University of Chicago Press.

Vlieland, C. A. 1932. A Report On the 1931 Census of British Malaya. London.

Wilson, D. 1972. Asia Awake. Pelican Book.

Yu, E. & William Liu. 1980. Fertility and Kinship in the Philippines. Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


ISSN: 0126-5008

eISSN: 0126-8694