Satu Analisis ‘Kosmologi Cahaya’ dalam Perspektif Sufi dan Sains Moden (An Analysis on ‘Light Cosmology’ in the Sufi and Modern Science Perspectives)
Abstract
Kajian berkenaan asal-usul kosmos telah menjadi perhatian ramai sarjana Islam mahupun Barat di mana keduakeduanya mengetengahkan aspek cahaya. Cahaya dianggap sebagai sifat asas dalam sejarah perkembangan kosmologi untuk menjelaskan kewujudan alam semesta. Walau bagaimanapun, muncul persoalan mengenai ontologi cahaya, sifat asasnya dan rahsia metafizik di sebalik fenomenanya. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan membina satu kerangka model baharu dalam menerangkan Teori Kesatuan Kewujudan Cahaya dalam memahami makrifat kepada Allah SWT dan Nabi Muhammad SAW dalam perspektif sufi, dan dibandingkan dengan perspektif sains Barat iaitu Teori Letupan Besar. Kajian kualitatif ini menggunakan reka bentuk grounded theory, kaedah tematik analisis dan pendekatan lataif Qur’aniyyah. Terdapat perbandingan yang signifikan antara kedua-dua kosmologi yang diketengahkan dalam model ini. Perbahasan konsep Cahaya Muhammad (Nūr Muhammad) yang mewakili kosmologi Sufi telah lama menyelesaikan persoalan asal-usul kosmos dalam kesepakatan ilmu akidah dan tasawuf. Manakala kosmologi Barat masih menemui jalan buntu dan keliru dalam memahami asal-usul atau primordium alam dengan menggunakan rumus sains dan aksiom yang sesuai dengan logik akal tanpa melihat apek keTuhanan. Dalam kajian ini, satu model perbandingan holistik antara konsep Nūr Muhammad dan Teori Letupan Besar telah diharmonikan dan dirangka dalam memahami lima fasa peringkat kewujudan alam semesta menerusi perspektif kosmologi cahaya. Dengan itu, kajian ini memberi perspektif baharu dalam memahami peringkat kewujudan makhluk.
Kata kunci: Kosmologi; Cahaya; Alam Semesta; konsep Nūr Muhammad; Teori Letupan besar
Abstract
Studies on the origin of the cosmos have attracted the attention of many Islamic and Western scholars in which highlight the aspects of light. ‘Light’ had been thought of as a fundamental property in the history of development cosmology to elucidate the existence in the universe. However, questions have been raised about the ontology of light, its underlying properties and the metaphysical secret lies beyond its phenomena. The objective of this study is to analyse develop a new model framework on explaining the Unifying Theory of Light Beings in understanding the of Allah SWT and Prophet Muhammad PBUH in Sufi perspective and comparing it with Western science perspective i.e. the Big Bang theory. This qualitative study uses grounded theory design, thematic analysis of research method, and lataif Qur’aniyyah approach. There are significant differences between these two cosmologies incorporated in this model. The Light of Muhammad’s debate in which represented by Sufi cosmology has settled the understanding of origins of the universe in the agreement of the aqidah and sufism. Meanwhile, Western cosmology is still hit a dead end and confused in understanding the primordial issues of nature by using science and axioms that fit their logic without seeing Divine aspects. In this study, a comparative holistic model between these concepts has been reconciled and devised in understanding the five levels of existence through the perspective of the light cosmology. Thus, this study provides a new perspective on understanding the gradation of beings.
Keywords: Cosmology; Light; Universe; Nur Muhammad concept; Big Bang Theory
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abdullah Mohamed. 1980. Falsafah dan Pemikiran Orang-Orang Melayu: Hubungan dengan Illahi dan Kesenian. Kuala Lumpur: Kementerian Kebudayaan, Belia dan Sukan.
Ahmad Fakhrurrazi Mohammed Zabidi. 2018. Konsep al-Lataif Menurut Imam Fakhr Al-Din Al-Razi dalam Mafatih Al-Ghayb. Bangi: Penerbit UKM Press.
Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid 2010. Trans. Gairdner, W.H.T. The Niche for Lights (Mishkat al-Anwar). New York: Cosimo, Inc.
Allen, R. E. & Lidström, S. 2017. Life, the Universe, and everything: 42 fundamental questions. Physica Scripta 92 012501.
Altaie, M.B. 2017. God, Nature and the Cause: Essays on Islam and Science. Putrajaya: Islamic Analytic Theology Series. Kalam Research and Media. 88.
Alvarez. W. 2014. We Are Stardust, Concentrated by Earth! Expositions 8.1: 70–84.
Amin Che Ahmat, Che Zarrina Sa`ari, Nurul Hidayah Aziz & Shahril Nizam Zulkipli. 2017. An Analysis on Doctrine of Nur Muhammad in Bahr Al-Lahut: A Corelation to Martabat Tujuh (Seven Echelon). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences 7(11): 1418-1433.
Arslan, I. 2019. An Early Attempt at Unifying the Universe: Suhrawardi's Concept of Miqdar. Nazariyat-Journal For The History Of Islamic Philosophy And Sciences 3(2): 45-67.
Bambi, C. & Dolgov, A. D. 2016. Introduction to Particle Cosmology: The Standard Model of Cosmology and its Open Problems. New York: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
Bargeron. C. L. 2007. Re-thinking necessity (al-Darūra) in al-Ghazālī's understanding of physical causation. Theology and Science 5(1): 21-36.
Burrell, D. B., Carlo Cogliati, C., Soskice, J. M. & Stoeger, W. R. (eds.). 2010. Creation and The God of Abraham. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
Chittick, W. C. 1998. The Self-Disclosure of God: Principles of Ibn Al-‘Arabi’s Cosmology. New York: State University of New York.
Chun Tie, Y., Birks, M., & Francis, K. 2019. Grounded theory research: A design framework for novice researchers. SAGE Open Medicine, 7, 205031211882292. doi:10.1177/2050312118822927
Fakhry, M. 1977. Islamic Philosophy, Theology and Mysticism Oxford: Oneworld Publications.
Fried, H. M. & Gabellini, Y. 2016. The birth and death of a universe. The European Physical Journal C Springer 76: 709.
Graves, M. S. 2018. The lamp of paradox. Word & Image 34(3): 237-250.
Hawking, S. 2010. The Grand Design. United States: Bantam Books.
Herzog C., Handke C., Hitters E. 2019. Analyzing Talk and Text II: Thematic Analysis. Dalam: Van den Bulck H., Puppis M., Donders K., Van Audenhove L. (eds) The Palgrave Handbook of Methods for Media Policy Research. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16065-4_22
Ibn ‘Arabi, Muhammad bin Ali bin Muhammad bin Arabi. 1400/1980. Fusus al Hikam. Tahkik: Abu al-cAla’ Afifi. Beirut: Dar al-Kitab.
Kamus Dewan. 1993. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Koca, Ö. 2020. Islam, Causality, and Freedom: From the Medieval to the Modern Era. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
Lederman & Christopher. 2013. Beyond the God Particle. New York: Prometheus. ISBN 978-1-61614-801-0
Mohd Shukri Yeoh Abdullah. 2006. Kosmologi dalam Welstanschauung Ulama Sufi Melayu. Akademika 67: 5-23.
Muhammad Khairi Mahyuddin & Awatif Abdul Rahman. 2019. Wahdah al-Wujud dalam Tradisi Sufi: Isu dan Analisa Kritis terhadap Fatwa Akidah di Malaysia.e-Bangi. 16(2): 1-8.
Muhammad Obaidullah. 2015. Philosophical Sufism: An Analysis of Suhrawardi’s Contribution with Special Reference to His School of Illumination (Isrāqῑ). Afkar 16; 119-142.
Plantinga, A. 2008. What is “Intervention”? Theology and Science 6(4): 369-401.
Rohaimi Rastam. 2020. Jawhar al-Haqa'iq Shaykh Shamsuddin al-Sumatra’i: Tahkik dan Analisis Permata Segala Hakikat. Kajang: Perusahaan Tukang Buku KM.
Sahabuddin, H. 2004. Menyibak Tabir Nur Muhammad. Jakarta: Renaisan.
Sayyed Hossein Nasr. 1992. Pengantar Doktrin Kosmologi Islam. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa.
Shahidan Radiman. 2017. Ringkasan Martabat Tujuh dan Pengamatan Sains. Dalam Etnosains Elemen Tradisi, Pengelasan dan Alternatif. Disunting oleh Mohd Zaidi Abdullah, 99-107. Johor: Pustaka Empayar Melayu.
Shaykh Ahmed Abdul Rashid. 2013. Seeing by the Light of the Moon the Prophet Muhammad (sal). Sixth in a Series of Seven. Charlottesville, VA. 1-19.
Zwinkels J. 2015. Light, Electromagnetic Spectrum. In Encyclopedia of Color Science and Technology. Edited by Luo R. Springer. Berlin: Heidelberg.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
ISSN: 0126-5008
eISSN: 0126-8694