Analisis Penilaian Iklim Keselamatan Pekerja Di Bahagian Operasi Sistem Pengangkutan Rel Bandar Malaysia (Analysis Of Worker Safety Climate Assessment At Malaysia City Rail Management’s Operation Division)

Abstract

Tahap keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan bagi sistem pengangkutan rel tidak boleh diabaikan disebabkan perkhidmatannya melibatkan pelbagai pihak berkepentingan terutamanya orang awam dan pekerja. Sehubungan dengan itu, konsep iklim keselamatan pekerja diperkenalkan sebagai alternatif baru bagi mengenal pasti sejauh mana keberkesanan usaha organisasi dalam mengurus isu ini dari sudut persepsi pekerja. Kajian ini dilaksanakan bagi menganalisis penilaian iklim keselamatan pekerja menerusi tiga konstruk utama iaitu iklim keselamatan organisasi, iklim keselamatan penyelia dan iklim keselamatan rakan sekerja serta hubungan di antaranya. Kajian menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif melalui instrumen soal selidik melibatkan sejumlah 226 pekerja di dua buah organisasi pengendali pengangkutan rel bagi kawasan Klang Valley/Greater KL. Ujian deskriptif dan ujian inferensi melalui penilaian Korelasi Pearson diaplikasikan dalam kajian ini. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa iklim keselamatan pekerja adalah berada di tahap sederhana (min= 3.53). Konstruk iklim keselamatan penyelia merupakan konstruk yang berskor paling tinggi (min = 3.68) diikuti dengan iklim keselamatan rakan sekerja (min = 3.51) dan iklim keselamatan organisasi (min = 3.39). Ujian Korelasi Pearson menunjukkan kesemua konstruk mempunyai hubungan yang tinggi dan signifikan (r ≥ 0.537). Dapat disimpulkan bahawa ketiga-tiga figura iaitu organisasi, penyelia dan rakan sekerja mempunyai peranan penting dalam meningkatkan tahap iklim keselamatan pekerja. Hasil kajian boleh dijadikan panduan kepada organisasi bagi meningkatkan lagi kualiti keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan terutamanya bagi organisasi pengendali sistem pengangkutan rel bandar di Malaysia.

Kata kunci: iklim keselamatan; iklim keselamatan organisasi; iklim keselamatan penyelia; iklim keselamatan rakan sekerja,;pengangkutan rel bandar

Abstract

The occupational safety and health’s level of a rail transport system cannot be ignored because its service involves various stakeholders most importantly public and workers. Accordingly, the concept of worker safety climate was introduced as a new alternative to identify the effectiveness of organizational efforts in addressing these issues from the perspective of workers. This study was conducted to analyse the assessment of worker safety climate through three main constructs namely organisational safety climate, supervisor safety climate and co-worker safety climate and the relationships among them. This study utilised quantitative methods through questionnaires involving 226 workers at two rail transport operator organisations in the Klang Valley / Greater KL area. Descriptive tests and inference tests through Pearson Correlation Test were applied in this study. The results showed that the workers' safety climate was moderate (min = 3.53). Supervisor safety climate constructs were the highest rated (min = 3.68) followed by co-worker safety (min = 3.51) and organisational safety climate (min = 3.39). The Pearson Correlation Test showed that all constructs were highly correlated (r ≥ 0.537). It can be concluded that the three construct which is organisation, supervisor and co-worker plays an important role in improving the level of worker safety climate. The results of this study can serve as a guide for organisations to improve the quality of occupational safety and health especially for urban rail system operating organisations in Malaysia.

Keywords: safety climate, organisation safety climate, supervisor safety climate, co-worker safety climate, city rail transportation