Kemahiran Kesediaan Kerja, Efikasi Kendiri, Tingkah Laku Keusahawanan dan Eksplorasi Kerjaya dalam kalangan Graduan (Work Readiness Skills, Self-Efficacy, Entrepreneurial Behavior and Career Exploration among Graduates)

Nor Hazwni Halim, Sheerad Sahid

Abstract


Isu pengangguran sering diperkatakan bukan sahaja di Malaysia malah seluruh dunia turut menghadapi isu pengangguran dalam kalangan graduan.Situasi ini berlaku mungkin disebabkan graduan kurang memberi perhatian serta tidak menunjukkan minat dan usaha dalam meningkatkan kemahiran kesediaan kerja semasa mengikuti pengajian di universiti.Justeru, kajian ini menguji kesan regresi kemahiran kesediaan kerja terhadap efikasi kendiri, serta kesan regresi efikasi kendiri terhadap tingkah laku keusahawanan dan eksplorasi kerjaya dalam kalangan graduan universiti.Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kaedah kuantitatif berbentuk tinjauan melalui borang soal selidik.Data bagi sampel kajian diperoleh daripada 197 responden yang dikutip menggunakan kaedah bersemuka dan secara atas talian.Perisian Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS versi 21) digunakan untuk melakukan analisis deskriptif dan analisis regresi. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan kemahiran kesediaan kerja mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikanterhadap efikasi kendiri graduan.Dapatan juga menunjukkan efikasi kendiri mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikanterhadap tingkah laku keusahawanan dan juga eksplorasi kerjaya.Kajian ini hanya tertumpu kepada faktor kemahiran sedia ada yang dimilikioleh graduan universiti dalam meningkatkan efikasi kendiri, yang seterusnya mempengaruhi tingkah laku keusahawanan dan eksplorasi kerjaya. Oleh itu, kajian akan datang perlu melihat kepada faktor-faktor luaran atau faktor persekitaran pelajar yang mungkin akan membantu meningkatkan efikasi kendiri graduan terhadap eksplorasi kerjaya dan tingkah laku keusahawanan.

Kata kunci:Kemahiran kesediaan kerja; efikasi kendiri; tingkah laku keusahawanan; eksplorasi kerjaya; kebolehpasaran graduan


Abstract


The issue of unemployment has been widely discussed not only in Malaysia but around the world. This situation may be due to graduates’ lack of attention, interest, and effort to improve their work readiness while studying at university. This study aimed to examine the regression effect of work readiness skills on self-efficacy, as well as the regression effect of self-efficacy on entrepreneurial behaviour and career exploration among university graduates. This study applies a quantitative approach using a questionnaire for data collection. Data for the sample study obtained from the 197 respondents collected using face-to-face and online methods. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS version 21st) was used for the descriptive and regression analysis. The result indicates that work readiness skills have a significant impact on graduate self-efficacy. Furthermore, the result also shows that self-efficacy had a significant effect on entrepreneurial behaviour and career exploration as well. This study focused only on the existing skills that university graduates possess in improving self-efficacy, which in turn influence entrepreneurial behaviour and career exploration. Therefore, future studies need to consider external factors or environmental factors that may help enhance graduates’ self-efficacy for their entrepreneurial behaviour and career exploration.

Keywords: Work readiness skills; self-efficacy; entrepreneurial behaviour; career exploration; graduates’ marketability


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