Perubahan Fungsi Bandar Kecil: Pengalaman Tanjong Malim, Perak (Functional Change in Small Town: Experience of Tanjong Malim, Perak)
Abstract
Some small towns in developing country are neglecting their basic function, namely in agriculturally functional base. This is due to the replacement of industrial and service sectors as the main economic generator to the small towns. The shift of functional base has led it as an indicator towards the role of modernization of the small towns. This scenario is well evident in Tanjung Malim. Tanjung Malim is located out of Lembah Klang-Langat region and off from Ipoh Metropolitan influences. Current development has slowly changed the original function of Tanjung Malim. This article aims to discuss the changing function of Tanjung Malim to be the main growth centre in Southern Perak. Secondary and primary data were obtained through field observations to capture the changing function of Tanjung Malim. The finding exhibits seven indicators that appear to be evidence to the changing function of Tanjung Malim. They are, low-functional in agricultural related activity, salient features of Tanjung Malim’s functional hierarchy , the increasing of high-order functions and others. The functional development such as modern function in Tanjung Malim is an early indicator to the overall spatial transformation in Tanjung Malim. The finding reveals that Tanjung Malim is ready to perform as a new planned growth center for the Southern Region of Perak.
Key words: Functional change; urbanization; growth center; small town, industry & services
ABSTRAK
Bandar-bandar kecil di sesetengah negara sedang membangun masa ini tidak lagi menawarkan fungsi asasnya terutamanya berkaitan dengan pertanian. Ini kerana perkembangan sector perindustrian dan perkhidmata telah menggantikan sector pertanian sebagai penyumbang utama ekonomi negara berkenaan. Perubahan penawaran fungsi ini akhirnya menjadi petunjuk kepada pemodenan peranan Bandar kecil tersebut. Di Malaysia, perubahan seperti ini dapat diperhatikan dengan ketara di Tanjung Malim. Tanjung Malim adalah sebuah Bandar kecil yang terletak di luar pengaruh Wilayah Metropolitan Lembah Klang-Langat dan Metropolitan Ipoh di sebelah utaranya. Perkembangan semasa mendapati fungsi Tanjung Malim semakin berubah. Makalah ini bertujuan membincangkan tentang perubahan Tanjung Malim sebagai sebuah pusat petempatan utama di Wilayah Selatan Perak. Menggunakan data sekunder dan primer yang diperoleh melalui cerapan di lapangan, makalah ini menganalisis perubahan fungsi Tanjung Malim. Terdapat tujuh penemuan penting yang membuktikan tentang perubahan fungsi Bandar Tanjung Malim. Antaranya penawaran fungsi berkaitan pertanian yang rendah, keunggulan hierarki petempatan Tanjung Malim, pertambahan dan pemusatan penawaran fungsi order tinggi dan lain-lain. Kewujudan dan perkembangan fungsi yang lebih moden di Tanjung Malim merupakan petunjuk awal kepada proses transformasi ruang bandar Tanjung Malim secara keseluruhannya. Penemuan ini menunjukkan kesediaan Tanjung Malim untuk bertindak sebagai pusat pertumbuhan baru yang terancang.
Kata kunci: Perubahan fungsi; pembandaran; pusat petempatan; bandar kecil; perindustrian & perkhidmatan
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