Politik Bandar: Persepsi dan Tingkah Laku Politik Pengundi di Kawasan Parlimen Petaling Jaya Selatan dan Batu (Urban Politics: Voter Perceptions and Political Behaviour in Parliamentary Constituency of Petaling Jaya Selatan and Batu)

JUNAIDI AWANG BESAR (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, jab@ukm.my), MOHD FUAD MAT JALI (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, fuad@ukm.my), NOVEL LYNDON (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, novel@ukm.my), ROSMADI FAUZI (Universiti Malaya, rosmadifauzi@um.edu.my), AMER SAIFUDI GHAZALI (Universiti Malaya, asaifude@um.edu.my), MAZLAN ALI (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, lant@ic.utm.my)

Abstract


Urban politic is closely related to perceptions and behaviour of voters in the city which is based on local and national political issues, especially in terms of urban public facilities and services. Urban politic is an interesting agenda because of it is dynamics and has position itself in the city centre where it experiencing the process of urbanization and socialization as well as the focal point of all human activities. These processes may eventually cause ‘stress’ to the city dwellers, and consequently influence the perceptions and political behaviour of the dwellers. This article is to analyze urban politic in two areas in the Klang Valley, namely Batu (Kuala Lumpur) and Petaling Jaya Selatan (Selangor). Based on questionnaires and field observations, 71.0% of respondents in Batu and 57.6% in Petaling Jaya Selatan (PJS) expressed the idea of “1 Malaysia: Rakyat Didahulukan, Pencapaian Diutamakan “ is supported, internalized and manifested by the voters. In terms of governance, 70.7% (Batu) and 62.9% (PJS) respondents indicated the Key Performance Indicator (KPI) for all elected representatives and the Minister are good and they give support for the government and policy changes made by the Prime Minister’s leadership in strengthening the development of the country continues to have support from the people. Meanwhile, the political behavior through voter registration showed that 86.0% and 87.9% in the Batu and PJS have registered as voters, in which respectively 5.8%, (Batu) and 17.9% (PJS) belong to UMNO; 4.4% (Batu) and 13.2% (PJS) joined PAS; 0.1% (Batu) and 21.2% (PJS) are member of DAP; 6.2% (Batu) and 20.7% (PJS) are member of PKR; and 73.1% (Batu) and 54.3% (PJS) did not join any political parties. Voters in Batu constituency would expect BN wrested back the seat of Batu but will be loosing in Petaling Jaya Selatan with a slim margin.

Keywords: Urban politics; voters perception; behavior; urbanization; governance 

ABSTRAK

Politik bandar berkait rapat dengan persepsi dan tingkah laku pengundi di bandar yang berlandaskan isu-isu politik setempat dan nasional, terutamanya penyediaan perkhidmatan dan kemudahan awam bandar. Dinamika politik bandar amat menarik kerana kedudukannya di pusat bandar yang mengalami proses urbanisasi dan sosialisasi serta tempat tumpuan segala aktiviti manusia. Proses-proses ini akhirnya menimbulkan tekanan kepada penghuni bandar dan seterusnya mempengaruhi persepsi dan tingkah laku politik mereka. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis politik bandar di dua kawasan bandar di Lembah Klang iaitu Petaling Jaya Selatan (Selangor) dan Batu (Kuala Lumpur). Berdasarkan soal selidik dan pemerhatian di lapangan, kajian mendapati bahawa 71.0% responden di Batu dan 57.6% di Petaling Jaya Selatan (PJS) menyatakan gagasan “1 Malaysia: Rakyat Didahulukan, Pencapaian Diutamakan” disokong, dihayati dan dimanifestasikan oleh pengundi. Daripada aspek governans pula, 70.7% (Batu) dan 62.9% (PJS) responden menyatakan Indeks Petunjuk Prestasi (KPI) untuk wakil rakyat dan menteri adalah baik dan mempengaruhi sokongan rakyat terhadap kerajaan. Dasar/pembaharuan yang dilakukan oleh kepimpinan Perdana Menteri dalam memantapkan pembangunan negara terus mendapat sokongan rakyat. Sementara itu tingkah laku politik yang digambarkan melalui status pendaftaran sebagai pemilih/pengundi menunjukkan sebanyak 86.0% di Batu dan 87.9% di PJS telah mendaftar sebagai pemilih, masing-masing 5.8% (Batu) dan 17.9% (PJS) menganggotai parti politik UMNO; 4.4% (Batu) dan 13.2% (PJS) menyertai PAS; 0.1% (Batu) dan 21.2% (PJS) menjadi ahli DAP; 6.2% (Batu) dan 20.7% (PJS) merupakan ahli PKR; dan 73.1% (Batu) dan 54.3% (PJS) tidak menyertai mana-mana parti politik. Pengundi di kawasan Parlimen Batu menjangkakan Barisan Nasional akan berjaya merampas kembali kerusi Parlimen Batu namun akan tewas di Petaling Jaya Selatan dengan margin yang tipis. Senario ini menunjukkan kekuatan parti politik di bandar adalah seimbang dan bergantung kepada isu dan pelunasan keperluan pengundi di kawasan berkenaan.

Kata kunci: Politik bandar; persepsi pengundi; tingkah laku politik ; urbanisasi; governans


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