Pengurusan Sistem Maklumat Pendidikan: Implikasi Pengautomasian ke Atas Pengajaran dan Kebolehgunaan Data (Education Information System Management: Implication of Automatism on Teaching and Usability of Data)

Abstract

This study seeks to identify problems face by teachers responsible in managing automated information system supplied by the Ministry of Education known as Sistem Maklumat Pengurusan Pendidikan Kementerian Pelajaran (SMPP-KP). Is it true that managing the automated education information system has assert pressure in the form of additional work load which in turn affects the quality of teaching of those teachers. Time constraint (a conflict between fulfilling the need of teaching as their main task and managing the information system) has also contributed problem to teachers from giving attention to the reliability of data particularly its accuracy and validity. This resulted in discouraging the sharing of data stored in SMPP-KP. This low level of data sharing is also partly due to the fact that teachers do not have the competency in using computer, manipulating data and handling the system. The study emphasises on 5 SMPP- KPs currently in used at schools. Survey method using questionnaire was adopted. The study was carried out in 2005 involving 31 schools in Melaka Tengah with 138 SMPP-KP managing teachers taken into account. Findings shows that SMPP- KP teachers experienced a high level of work overload which leave negative effect on teaching though at only minimum level. It is the limited time that the teachers have to check on the data and the difficulty to acquire reliable data from the source that has contributed to the problem of data inaccuracy and validity. As a result, optimum data sharing has not taken place. It is also discovered that the level of competency of SMPP-KP teachery is only minimal despite courses being given from time to time. These teachers claimed that the courses they attended are of little help in improving their competency because the handling of SMPP-KP require more than the basic skill for using the computer. It needs the skill of manipulating the data and the database.

Keywords: Sistem Maklumat Pengurusan Pendidikan, automated, education information system.

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti masalah yang membelenggu guru yang dipertanggunjawabkan mengurus pengautomasian pengurusan sistem maklumat pendidikan yang dikenali sebagai Sistem Maklumat Pengurusan Pendidikan Kementerian Pelajaran (SMPP-KP). Apakah benar pengurusan sistem maklumat berkomputer memberi tekanan kepada guru dalam bentuk tambahan beban tugas sekaligus menjejaskan kualiti pengajaran guru yang terbabit?. Kekangan masa di antara memenuhi tuntutan tugas hakiki (mengajar) dan mengurus sistem maklumat menyebabkan guru kurang memberi perhatian terhadap integriti data dari aspek ketepatan dan kesahihan yang seterusnya memberi kesan ke atas guna sama data. Tahap guna sama data pula dipengaruhi oleh kemahiran guru dalam menggunakan komputer, memanipulasi data dan mengendalikan sistem. Sebanyak lima SMPP-KP yang digunapakai oleh sekolah dikaji. Kaedah tinjauan menggunakan teknik soal selidik digunakan. Kajian yang dilakukan pada tahun 2005 melibatkan 31 buah sekolah kawasan Melaka Tengah dengan membabitkan 138 orang guru yang menguruskan SMPP-KP. Penemuan menunjukkan guru SMPP-KP mengalami beban tugas pada tahap yang tinggi sekaligus memberi kesan negatif ke atas pengajaran meskipun hanya pada paras yang rendah. Ketidaktepatan dan ketidaksahihan data pula adalah disebabkan kekangan masa untuk menyemak data selain daripada kesukaran mendapatkan data yang tepat dan sahih daripada sumber. Guna sama data dalam SMPP-KP juga adalah pada tahap yang rendah ekoran masalah integriti. Guru yang mengendalikan SMPP-KP juga hanya memiliki kemahiran menggunakan komputer pada tahap yang sederhana. Guru berpendapat kursus yang diberi kurang membantu meningkatkan kecekapan kerana pengendalian SMPP-KP memerlukan lebih daripada hanya kemahiran asas menggunakan komputer, sebaliknya mementingkan aspek manipulasi data dan pengendalian pangkalan data.

Kata kunci: Sistem Maklumat Pengurusan Pendidikan, pengautomasian, sistem maklumat berkomputer.