Kesejahteraan subjektif: Kajian kes nelayan di Sedili, Kota Tinggi, Johor (Subjective well-being: A case study of fishermen in Sedili, Kota Tinggi, Johor)

Abstract

Kertas bertujuan membincangkan tahap kesejahteraan hidup nelayan di Sedili, Kota Tinggi, Johor. Objektif khusus kertas ialah mengukur tahap kesejahteraan hidup nelayan dan membuat perbandingan tahap kesejahteraan hidup nelayan pantai dengan nelayan laut dalam. Selain itu, hubungan antara tahap kesejahteraan hidup nelayan pantai dan nelayan laut dalam dengan umur, bilangan tanggungan, tempoh masa menjadi nelayan, pendapatan bulanan dan pendapatan keluarga responden turut dianalisa. Tahap kesejahteraan hidup diukur secara subjektif berdasarkan persepsi nelayan terhadap 10 pernyataan berkaitan kehidupan seharian mereka menggunakan 5-skala likert. Sejumlah 200 orang nelayan dianalisis dalam perbincangan ini. Hasil kajian menunjukkan tahap kesejahteraan hidup nelayan adalah pada tahap yang tinggi, baik nelayan pantai ataupun nelayan laut dalam. Meskipun begitu, penglibatan pihak berkuasa dalam meningkatkan tingkat kehidupan masyarakat nelayan amat penting untuk mencapai tingkat pendapatan yang lebih tinggi agar kesejahteraan hidup sebenar dapat dinikmati.

Katakunci: bantuan kewangan, kesejahteraan hidup, nelayan pesisir pantai, nelayan laut dalam, pengukuran subjektif, taraf hidup

People differ in their perception of things including their own well-being although they may come from a similar occupational or vocational background. This study compared the perceived level of well-being of offshore and deep-sea fishermen in Sedili, Kota Tinggi, Johor against their age, number of dependents, duration as fisherman, and monthly individual and family income. A total of 200 fishermen were involved in the study. The fishermen’s perceived level of well-being was measured by applying a 5-likert scale to the fishermen’s answer scores on 10 well-being related statements. The results showed that the level of the fishermen’s perceived well-being was high for both offshore and deep-sea fishermen. Even so, the objective role of the authorities in enhancing their income through direct financial aid was found to have contributed to the fishermen’s positive perception of their real wellbeing.

Keywords: deep-sea fishermen, financial aid, offshore fishermen, perceived well-being, standard of living, subjective measures