Tahap kebisingan trafik dan kesannya terhadap persekitaran pengajaran-pembelajaran sekolah di pusat bandar Kuala Terengganu (Traffic noise and its impact on school teaching and learning environment in Kuala Terengganu city center)

Abstract

Bunyi bising merupakan satu perkara yang paling mengganggu kehidupan seharian penduduk berbanding dengan pencemaran lain, termasuk kebisingan trafi di pusat bandar . Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti aras kebisingan trafik dan menilai persepsi guru terhadap tingkah laku pelajar dalam proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran di dalam kelas empat buah sekolah di sekitar pusat bandar Kuala Terengganu. Cerapan terhadap tahap kebisingan trafik dilakukan menggunakan Integrating Sound Level Datalogger Model 407780 Extech Instrument, di luar pagar, di dalam pagar dan juga di bangunan yang paling hampir dengan jalan raya pada hari bekerja dan tidak bekerja, di sebelah pagi, tengah hari dan petang. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa aras kebisingan yang dicatatkan di kesemua sekolah yang terlibat adalah melebihi piawaian yang ditetapkan oleh Jabatan Alam Sekitar (JAS), iaitu 65 dBA. Secara purata, SK Paya Bunga dan SM Agama Sultan Zainal Abidin mencatatkan aras kebisingan tertinggi berbanding sekolah lain khususnya pada hari bekerja. Berdasarkan kaji selidik, para guru mendapati bahawa kebisingan trafik memberi kesan kepada tingkah laku pelajar serta mengganggu proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran di dalam kelas. Oleh yang demikian, penglibatan dan keprihatinan daripada pihak yang berwajib berserta penguatkuasaan undang-undang adalah perlu bagi menyelesaikan masalah ini di samping mempertingkat serta menambahbaik infrastruktur sekolah khususnya bilik darjah agar pelajar dapat belajar dengan tenang tanpa gangguan kebisingan trafik di jalan raya.

Katakunci: decibel, kebisingan trafik, Leq, pengajaran & pembelajaran, persekitaran sekolah, pusat Bandar Kuala Terengganu

Compared to other sources of environmental pollution noise pollution is deemed as the most menacing, including that emitted by city traffics. This study aimed to measure traffic noise levels in Kuala Terengganu city centre and to evaluate local school teachers’ perception of the the effects of the traffic noise on the behaviour of students as well as the teaching and learning environment in the classroom of four selected schools in Kuala Terengganu city centre. Levels of traffic noise were gathered using the Integrating Sound Level Datalogger Extech Instruments Model 407 780 with three points of observation, namely, outside the school fence, inside the school fence and also inside the school building located closest to the road. Observations were conducted on working and non-working days in the morning, at noon and in the evening. Results of the study showed that the noise levels recorded in all four schools had exceeded the standards from Department of Environment (DOE) at 65 dBA. On average, SK Paya Bunga and SMASZA recorded the highest noise levels compared to other schools, especially on weekdays. The result of the questionnaire analyses also found that traffic noise affected the behaviour of the students and disrupted the process of teaching and learning in the classroom. Authorities need to be cognizant of this fact and enforce relevant laws to mitigate this problem in addition to enhancing and improving the school infrastructure, in particular, the classrooms so that teaching and learning may proceed without much disturbance from traffic noise.

Keywords: desible, Leq, Kuala Terengganu, school environment, teaching & learning, traffic noise