Pengusaha premis penginapan Bumiputra Melayu Anak Kelantan: Keupayaan merealisasi perancangan pembangunan (Local capability in actualizing Development Planning: The case of Malay operators of accommodation premises in Kelantan)

Abstract

Pembangunan premis penginapan pesisir pantai telah membangun dengan pesatnya di Negeri Kelantan pada awal tahun 2000 sehingga sekarang. Pelbagai jenis premis penginapan telah dibina termasuklah secara kecil-kecilan dan sederhana terutamanya oleh Bumiputra Melayu Anak Kelantan. Jabatan Perancang Bandar & Desa telah mengeluarkan satu garis panduan dalam membangunkan kawasan pantai. Namun begitu, sejauhmanakah garis panduan tersebut dipatuhi? Pematuhan ini akan mewujudkan rangkaian perancangan yang berkesan seterusnya mewujudkan kawasan pembangunan yang mampan. Penulisan memfokus kepada pematuhan dan pemakaian pengusaha premis penginapan tersebut dalam membangunkannya. Perbincangan akan melihat kepada pembangunan fizikal yang telah dibangunkan oleh pengusaha samada bangunan, infrastruktur dan kawasan lapang. Kertas kerja ini menyingkap keupayaan pengusaha premis penginapan dalam merancang pembangunan melalui pematuhan kriteria perancangan. Kajian dijalankan dengan menemuduga premis penginapan terpilih dan Pusat Hentian Setempat (OSC) Pihak Berkuasa Tempatan terlibat melalui borang kaji selidik kepada pengusaha dan pemerhatian terhadap pembangunan fizikal.

Katakunci: Bumiputra Melayu Anak Kelantan, Garis Panduan & Piawaian Perancangan Kawasan Pantai, pembangunan fizikal, pelancongan pesisir pantai, premis penginapan pesisir pantai, usahawan kecil dan menengah

Sustainable development of coastal tourism has a lot to do with the compliance of operators with professional and scientific guidelines issued by recognized authorities. Development of coastal accommodation premises has proceeded rapidly in Malaysia’s state of Kelantan in the early 2000s to the present. Various types of accommodation including small scale and medium-sized premises were built, mainly by Kelantan Malays. The Federal Town & Country Planning Department has issued definitive guidelines in the development of such coastal tourism. The critical questions now arise are whether and to what do premise operators actually comply with the guidelines? This paper examined the nature of physical development - buildings, infrastructure and open space - which had been developed by the entrepreneurs in Kelantan. A field study was conducted by systematic and in-depth interviewing of the operation teams of 16 selected accommodation premises and the Local OSC Authority, and through field observations of the premises. It was found that the premise entrepreneurs did demonstrate their capability to comply with the physical development guidelines and criteria established by the governing authorities in developing and operating their premises.

Keywords: accommodation premises, coastal tourism, Kelantan Malays, physical development, Small and Medium Scale Entrepreneurs, Standards & Guidelines for Coastal Area Planning